[英]replace lines in a text file from another text file
我是python的新手,正在尝试一个新问题,但无法解决。 我有一个名为replace.txt的文本文件,其内容如下:
81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958
82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958
83, 44.2582, 58.1856, 49.9959
84, 48.7511, 59.9199, 49.9957
85, 53.4674, 59.3776, 49.9958
86, 57.4443, 56.6743, 49.9959
87, 59.7, 52.4234, 49.9958
现在,我还有一个名为实际数据的文件,它具有大量的数据,例如上面的数据。现在,我想通过匹配第一个数字(例如在actualdata.txt中搜索“ 81”)来替换actualdata.txt中的上述行并替换它与replace.txt中具有“ 81”的行
这里的actualdata.txt看起来像这样:
--------lines above--------
81, 40.0 , 50.0 , 50.0
82, 41.102548189607, 54.564575695695, 50.0
83, 44.257790830341, 58.187003960661, 50.0
84, 48.751279796738, 59.921728571875, 50.0
85, 53.468166336575, 59.379329520912, 50.0
86, 57.445611860313, 56.675542227082, 50.0
87, 59.701750075154, 52.424055585018, 50.0
88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0
89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0
90, 53.558991157616, 40.654756186166, 50.0
91, 48.853051436724, 40.06599229952 , 50.0
92, 44.335578609695, 41.75898487363 , 50.0
93, 41.139049269956, 45.364964707822, 50.0
94, 4.9858306110506, 4.9976785333108, 50.0
95, 9.9716298556132, 4.9995886389273, 50.0
96, 4.9712790759448, 9.9984071508336, 50.0
97, 9.9421696473295, 10.002460334272, 50.0
98, 14.957223264745, 5.0022762348283, 50.0
99, 4.9568005100444, 15.000751982196, 50.0
------lines below----------
我该怎么做,请帮助我尝试使用fileinput并替换,但没有得到输出。
这是我仍在即兴使用的示例代码(这对于一行来说是有效的):
oldline=' 82, 41.102548189607, 54.564575695695, 50.0'
newline=' 81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958'
for line in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1):
print line.replace(oldline,newline),
这是我最后写的代码:
replacefile= open('temp.txt','r')
for line1 in replacefile:
newline = line1.rstrip()
rl=newline
rl=rl.split()
search =rl[0]
with open(inpfile) as input:
intable = False
for line in input:
fill=[]
if line.strip() == "*NODE":
intable = True
if line.strip() == "---------------------------------------------------------------":
intable = False
if intable:
templine=(line.rstrip())
tl=line.rstrip()
tl= tl.split()
if tl[0] == search:
oldline=templine
for line2 in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1):
line2.replace(oldline,newline)
但我无法获取输出,删除了actualdata.txt的内容,请帮我提供此输出,我想要的是像这样更改actualdata.txt:
-------lines above------
81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958
82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958
83, 44.2582, 58.1856, 49.9959
84, 48.7511, 59.9199, 49.9957
85, 53.468166336575, 59.379329520912, 50.0
86, 57.445611860313, 56.675542227082, 50.0
87, 59.701750075154, 52.424055585018, 50.0
88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0
89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0
90, 53.558991157616, 40.654756186166, 50.0
-------lines below------
使用的FileInput模块来代替就位行:
import fileinput
def get_next_line(fptr):
x = fptr.readline()
if(x != ''):
return x.strip(), x.strip().split()[0].strip()
else:
return '',''
f = open("replace.txt", "r")
f_line, f_line_no = get_next_line(f)
for line in fileinput.input("actualdata.txt", inplace=True):
if(line.strip().split()[0].strip() == f_line_no): #if line number matches
print(f_line) # write newline
f_line, f_line_no = get_next_line(f) # Get next newline
else: # Otherwise
print(line.strip()) # write original one
顺便说一下,我正在使用python3 。 如果您使用的是python2,请进行适当的更改
是replace.txt
也大吗? 如果没有,您可以先将其加载到内存中,构建一个字典,然后用它替换actualdata.txt
行。
这是我在做什么:
首先打开replace.txt
并构建字典。 由于您要用行的第一个值替换行,因此我们将其作为字典键。 并且其值将是您要替换的行。 喜欢:
replacement_data = { '81': '81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958', '82': 82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958, ... ... }
接下来,我们开始actualdata.txt
读取actualdata.txt
文件。 因此,我们必须查找是否要替换此行的第一个数字。 因此,我们将首先用,
分割它,获取第一个字符,然后查看它是否存在于replacement_data
字典中。 如果存在,我们将替换它,否则,我们将忽略。
line = "83, 44.257790830341, 58.187003960661, 50.0" first_char = line.split(',')[0].strip() #first char is 83 # lets check whether to replace it or not if first_char in replacement_data.keys(): # if key exists, we have to replace line = replacement_data[first_char] print line # so that it writes to file
将所有部分放在一起:
import fileinput
import sys
inpfile = 'actualdata.txt'
replacement_file = 'replace.txt'
replacement_data = {}
with open(replacement_file) as f:
for line in f:
key = line.split(',')[0].strip()
replacement_data[key] = line
for line in fileinput.input(inpfile, inplace = 1):
first_char = line.split(',')[0].strip()
try:
int(first_char)
line = replacement_data[first_char]
print line,
except (ValueError, KeyError):
print line,
continue
它将原始文件生成为:
--------lines above--------
81, 40.001, 49.9996, 49.9958
82, 41.1034, 54.5636, 49.9958
...
...
86, 57.4443, 56.6743, 49.9959
87, 59.7, 52.4234, 49.9958 88, 59.725876387298, 47.674633684987, 50.0
89, 57.511209176153, 43.398353484768, 50.0
...
99, 4.9568005100444, 15.000751982196, 50.0
------lines below----------
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