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ASP.NET Web API登录方法

[英]ASP.NET Web API Login method

我想使用ASP.NET Web API构建RESTful Web服务,第三方开发人员将使用它来访问我的应用程序的数据。

在Visual Studio中,我决定创建一个新的ASP.NET项目。 我按照本教程,但我选择了另一个模板:Web API模板。 我使用MySQL数据库和标准用户角色表,如教程中所述。

该模板带有许多非常有趣的方法来注册新用户,但没有默认的登录请求。 我在不理解我在做什么的情况下写了这篇文章:

    // POST api/Account/Login
    [Route("Login")]
    public IHttpActionResult Login(LoginBindingModel model)
    {
        ClaimsIdentity ci = new ClaimsIdentity();
        // ...
        // ...
        Authentication.SignIn(ci);
        return Ok();
    }

我已经阅读了很多关于安全性的文章而没有找到一个很好的样本,文档解释了它的工作原理。 在Web API中实现简单的登录方法似乎非常困难。

你能解释一下为什么这个模板中没有登录方法吗? 你有一个登录方法的样本。 我应该将哪些内容发送回客户端应用程序以验证请求。 这是使用令牌吗?

通常你所做的是在该方法中实现登录逻辑,并返回一个令牌,然后在每次调用api时验证该令牌。

您可以阅读此内容以获取更多信息

http://bitoftech.net/2014/06/01/token-based-authentication-asp-net-web-api-2-owin-asp-net-identity/

如果您已创建新的ASP.NET Web Application - > Web API - >更改身份验证 - > Individual User Accounts 看看App_Start - > Startup.Auth.cs

它应该包含这样的东西:

PublicClientId = "self";
OAuthOptions = new OAuthAuthorizationServerOptions
{
    TokenEndpointPath = new PathString("/Token"),
    Provider = new ApplicationOAuthProvider(PublicClientId),
    AuthorizeEndpointPath = new PathString("/api/Account/ExternalLogin"),
    AccessTokenExpireTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromDays(14),
    // In production mode set AllowInsecureHttp = false
    AllowInsecureHttp = true
};

// Enable the application to use bearer tokens to authenticate users
app.UseOAuthBearerTokens(OAuthOptions);

这意味着您可以发送访问令牌请求,示例请求:

在此输入图像描述

然后,您可以验证访问令牌是否有效:

在此输入图像描述

使用此令牌,您现在可以访问用户有权访问的所有受保护资源。

如果您要为第三方开发人员构建API,那么您需要使用OAuth 2.0流程来保护它,我已经编写了详细的帖子,因为@dariogriffo指示您实现资源所有者密码凭据流,这对您的情况很有用。

您无需为登录创建终点,您将使用Owin中间件配置API,以便在调用端点(例如“/ token”)时向用户发出OAuth承载令牌,然后用户继续发送此令牌以及Authorization标头中的每个请求。 详细了解基于令牌的身份验证

对于Others,帮助类,首先是:

namespace WeBAPITest
{



#region Using Statements:



using System.Net.Http;
using System.Collections.Generic;

using Newtonsoft.Json;



#endregion



public class HttpWebApi
{



#region Fields:



private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();



#endregion



#region Properties:



/// <summary>
/// The basr Uri.
/// </summary>
public string BaseUrl { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// Username.
/// </summary>
protected internal string Username { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// Password.
/// </summary>
protected internal string Password { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// The instance of the Root Object Json Deserialised Class.
/// </summary>
internal Rootobject Authentication { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// The Access Token from the Json Deserialised Login.
/// </summary>
public string AccessToken { get { return Authentication.access_token; } }



#endregion



public HttpWebApi(string baseurl)
{

    // Init Base Url:
    BaseUrl = baseurl;
}



/// <summary>
/// Get from the Web API.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">The BaseUrl + path (Uri.Host + api/Controller) to the Web API.</param>
/// <returns>A Task, when awaited, a string</returns>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> Get(string path)
{

    if (Authentication.access_token == null)
    throw new System.Exception("Authentication is not completed.");

    // GET
    client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", Authentication.access_token);
    return await client.GetStringAsync(BaseUrl + path);
}



/// <summary>
/// Logs In and populates the Authentication Variables.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="username">Your Username</param>
/// <param name="password">Your Password</param>
/// <returns>A Task, when awaited, a string</returns>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> Login(string username, string password)
{

    // Set Username:
    Username = username;

    // Set Password:
    Password = password;

    // Conf String to Post:
    var Dic = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "grant_type", "password" }, { "username", "" }, { "password", "" } };
    Dic["username"] = username;
    Dic["password"] = password;

    // Post to Controller:
    string auth = await Post("/Token", Dic);

    // Deserialise Response:
    Authentication = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Rootobject>(auth);

    return auth;
}



/// <summary>
/// Post to the Web API.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="path">The BaseUrl + path (Uri.Host + api/Controller) to the Web API.</param>
/// <param name="values">The new Dictionary<string, string> { { "value1", "x" }, { "value2", "y" } }</param>
/// <returns>A Task, when awaited, a string</returns>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> Post(string path, Dictionary<string, string> values)
{

    // Add Access Token to the Headder:
    if (Authentication != null)
    if (Authentication.access_token != "")
        client.DefaultRequestHeaders.Authorization = new System.Net.Http.Headers.AuthenticationHeaderValue("Bearer", Authentication.access_token);

    // Encode Values:
    var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(values);

    // Post and get Response:
    var response = await client.PostAsync(BaseUrl + path, content);

    // Return Response:
    return await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
}



/// <summary>
/// Register a new User.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="username">Your Username, E-Mail</param>
/// <param name="password">Your Password</param>
/// <returns>A Task, when awaited, a string</returns>
public async System.Threading.Tasks.Task<string> Register(string username, string password)
{

    // Register: api/Account/Register
    var Dic = new Dictionary<string, string>() { { "Email", "" }, { "Password", "" }, { "ConfirmPassword", "" } };
    Dic["Email"] = username;
    Dic["Password"] = password;
    Dic["ConfirmPassword"] = password;

    return await Post("api/Account/Register", Dic);
}
}



/// <summary>
/// For Json Deserialisation.
/// </summary>
internal class Rootobject
{

/// <summary>
/// The Web Api Access Token. Gets added to the Header in each communication.
/// </summary>
public string access_token { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// The Token Type
/// </summary>
public string token_type { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// Expiry.
/// </summary>
public int expires_in { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// The Username.
/// </summary>
public string userName { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// Issued.
/// </summary>
public string issued { get; set; }



/// <summary>
/// Expiry.
/// </summary>
public string expires { get; set; }
}
}

特别为Visual Studio中的默认未经编辑的Web Api模板而设计。

然后:

HttpWebApi httpWebApi = new HttpWebApi("http://localhost/");
await httpWebApi.Login("email", "password");

richTextBox1.AppendText(await httpWebApi.Get("api/Account/UserInfo") + Environment.NewLine);

希望这有助于其他人!

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