繁体   English   中英

比较收集 (tidyr) 到融化 (reshape2)

[英]Comparing gather (tidyr) to melt (reshape2)

我喜欢reshape2包,因为它让生活变得如此轻松。 通常,Hadley 对他以前的软件包进行了改进,以实现简化、更快运行的代码。 我想我应该试一试 tidyr ,从我读到的内容来看,我认为gatherreshape2 的melt非常相似。 但是在阅读了文档后,我无法gather来执行与melt相同的任务。

数据视图

这是数据视图(帖子末尾的dput形式的实际数据):

  teacher yr1.baseline     pd yr1.lesson1 yr1.lesson2 yr2.lesson1 yr2.lesson2 yr2.lesson3
1       3      1/13/09 2/5/09      3/6/09     4/27/09     10/7/09    11/18/09      3/4/10
2       7      1/15/09 2/5/09      3/3/09      5/5/09    10/16/09    11/18/09      3/4/10
3       8      1/27/09 2/5/09      3/3/09     4/27/09     10/7/09    11/18/09      3/5/10

代码

这是melt方式的代码,我尝试gather 我怎样才能让gathermelt做同样的事情?

library(reshape2); library(dplyr); library(tidyr)

dat %>% 
   melt(id=c("teacher", "pd"), value.name="date") 

dat %>% 
   gather(key=c(teacher, pd), value=date, -c(teacher, pd)) 

期望输出

   teacher     pd     variable     date
1        3 2/5/09 yr1.baseline  1/13/09
2        7 2/5/09 yr1.baseline  1/15/09
3        8 2/5/09 yr1.baseline  1/27/09
4        3 2/5/09  yr1.lesson1   3/6/09
5        7 2/5/09  yr1.lesson1   3/3/09
6        8 2/5/09  yr1.lesson1   3/3/09
7        3 2/5/09  yr1.lesson2  4/27/09
8        7 2/5/09  yr1.lesson2   5/5/09
9        8 2/5/09  yr1.lesson2  4/27/09
10       3 2/5/09  yr2.lesson1  10/7/09
11       7 2/5/09  yr2.lesson1 10/16/09
12       8 2/5/09  yr2.lesson1  10/7/09
13       3 2/5/09  yr2.lesson2 11/18/09
14       7 2/5/09  yr2.lesson2 11/18/09
15       8 2/5/09  yr2.lesson2 11/18/09
16       3 2/5/09  yr2.lesson3   3/4/10
17       7 2/5/09  yr2.lesson3   3/4/10
18       8 2/5/09  yr2.lesson3   3/5/10

数据

dat <- structure(list(teacher = structure(1:3, .Label = c("3", "7", 
    "8"), class = "factor"), yr1.baseline = structure(1:3, .Label = c("1/13/09", 
    "1/15/09", "1/27/09"), class = "factor"), pd = structure(c(1L, 
    1L, 1L), .Label = "2/5/09", class = "factor"), yr1.lesson1 = structure(c(2L, 
    1L, 1L), .Label = c("3/3/09", "3/6/09"), class = "factor"), yr1.lesson2 = structure(c(1L, 
    2L, 1L), .Label = c("4/27/09", "5/5/09"), class = "factor"), 
        yr2.lesson1 = structure(c(2L, 1L, 2L), .Label = c("10/16/09", 
        "10/7/09"), class = "factor"), yr2.lesson2 = structure(c(1L, 
        1L, 1L), .Label = "11/18/09", class = "factor"), yr2.lesson3 = structure(c(1L, 
        1L, 2L), .Label = c("3/4/10", "3/5/10"), class = "factor")), .Names = c("teacher", 
    "yr1.baseline", "pd", "yr1.lesson1", "yr1.lesson2", "yr2.lesson1", 
    "yr2.lesson2", "yr2.lesson3"), row.names = c(NA, -3L), class = "data.frame")

您的gather线应如下所示:

dat %>% gather(variable, date, -teacher, -pd)

这说:“收集除teacherpd之外的所有变量,将新的键列称为'变量',将新的值列称为'date'。”


作为说明,请在help(gather)页面上注意以下内容:

 ...: Specification of columns to gather. Use bare variable names.
      Select all variables between x and z with ‘x:z’, exclude y
      with ‘-y’. For more options, see the select documentation.

由于这是省略号,因此要收集的列的规范以单独的(裸名)参数给出。 我们希望收集除teacherpd之外的所有列,因此我们使用-

在tidyr 1.0.0中,此任务通过更灵活的pivot_longer()

等效语法为

library(tidyr)
dat %>% pivot_longer(cols = -c(teacher, pd), names_to = "variable", values_to = "date")

相应地,它说:“将除teacherpd之外的所有内容再旋转一次,将新变量列称为”变量”,将新值列称为”日期”。

请注意,长数据按先后顺序旋转的前一个数据帧的列的顺序返回,这与不同于gather的顺序不同,后者以新的变量列的顺序返回。 要重新排列最终的dplyr::arrange() ,请使用dplyr::arrange()

我的解决方案

    dat%>%
    gather(!c(teacher,pd),key=variable,value=date)

暂无
暂无

声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.

 
粤ICP备18138465号  © 2020-2024 STACKOOM.COM