为Ruby on Rails应用运行'bundle install'命令时出错

Question

这是终端的快照。 首先，我想运行rake db:create 。 发生错误。 StackOverflow建议$gem install bundler ， $bundle install ， $bundle exec rake db:create 。

bundle install命令将引发错误。

$ bundle install
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/...........
Resolving dependencies...
Using rake 10.3.2
Using i18n 0.6.11
Using minitest 4.7.5
Using multi_json 1.10.1
Using thread_safe 0.3.4
Using tzinfo 0.3.42
Using activesupport 4.0.2
Using builder 3.1.4
Using erubis 2.7.0
Using rack 1.5.2
Using rack-test 0.6.2
Using actionpack 4.0.2
Using mime-types 1.25.1
Using polyglot 0.3.5
Using treetop 1.4.15
Using mail 2.5.4
Using actionmailer 4.0.2
Using activemodel 4.0.2
Using activerecord-deprecated_finders 1.0.3
Using arel 4.0.2
Using activerecord 4.0.2
Using bundler 1.7.4
Using coffee-script-source 1.8.0
Using execjs 2.2.2
Using coffee-script 2.3.0
Using thor 0.19.1
Using railties 4.0.2
Using coffee-rails 4.0.1
Using hike 1.2.3
Using jbuilder 1.5.3
Using jquery-rails 3.1.2

Gem::Installer::ExtensionBuildError: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb 
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file       -- mkmf (LoadError)
from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>'


Gem files will remain installed in /tmp/bundler20141106-4967-2t867n/json-1.8.1/gems        /json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /tmp/bundler20141106-4967-2t867n/json-1.8.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext    /json/ext/generator/gem_make.out
An error occurred while installing json (1.8.1), and Bundler cannot continue.
Make sure that `gem install json -v '1.8.1'` succeeds before bundling.

编辑：我下一步做什么：

$sudo gem install json -v '1.8.1'
Building native extensions.  This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing json:
ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

/usr/bin/ruby1.9.1 extconf.rb
/usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require': cannot load such file -- mkmf     (LoadError)
from /usr/lib/ruby/1.9.1/rubygems/custom_require.rb:36:in `require'
from extconf.rb:1:in `<main>'

Gem files will remain installed in /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1 for inspection.
Results logged to /var/lib/gems/1.9.1/gems/json-1.8.1/ext/json/ext/generator/gem_make.out

srikaanth@ubuntu:~/rails_app/books$ ruby -version
ruby 1.9.3p484 (2013-11-22 revision 43786) [x86_64-linux]
-e:1:in `<main>': undefined local variable or method `rsion' for main:Object (NameError)

Answer 1

宝石有时是针对本地图书馆建造的，因此必须可用。

您的系统似乎具有非常旧的Ruby（1.9.1）版本，但您正在运行Rails 4环境。 安装Ruby 2.x（1.9.3也可以）。 如果您在Linux上运行，则可能已安装了所需的库； 如果在OS XI上建议使用X代码，家用酿造软件和红宝石版本管理器（如RVM或rbenv）。