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使用 dplyr mutate 改变因子水平

[英]Changing factor levels with dplyr mutate

这可能很简单,我觉得问起来很愚蠢。 我想使用 mutate 更改数据框中因子的级别。 简单的例子:

library("dplyr")
dat <- data.frame(x = factor("A"), y = 1)
mutate(dat,levels(x) = "B")

我得到:

Error: Unexpected '=' in "mutate(dat,levels(x) ="

为什么这不起作用? 如何使用 mutate 更改因子水平?

随着forcats从包装tidyverse这也很容易。

mutate(dat, x = fct_recode(x, "B" = "A"))

我不太确定我是否正确理解了您的问题,但是如果您想使用mutate()更改cyl的因子水平,您可以这样做:

df <- mtcars %>% mutate(cyl = factor(cyl, levels = c(4, 6, 8)))

你会得到:

#> str(df$cyl)
# Factor w/ 3 levels "4","6","8": 2 2 1 2 3 2 3 1 1 2 ...

也许您正在寻找这个 plyr::revalue 函数:

mutate(dat, x = revalue(x, c("A" = "B")))

你也可以看到 plyr::mapvalues 。

您可以使用dplyrrecode功能。

df <- iris %>%
     mutate(Species = recode(Species, setosa = "SETOSA",
         versicolor = "VERSICOLOR",
         virginica = "VIRGINICA"
     )
)

无法评论,因为我没有足够的声望点,但重新编码仅适用于向量,因此@Stefano 的答案中的上述代码应该是

df <- iris %>%
  mutate(Species = recode(Species, 
     setosa = "SETOSA",
     versicolor = "VERSICOLOR",
     virginica = "VIRGINICA")
  )

根据我的理解,当前接受的答案仅更改 factor levels的顺序,而不是实际标签(即,如何调用因子的级别)。 为了说明levelslabels之间的区别,请考虑以下示例:

cyl转换为因子(无需指定级别,因为它们按字母数字顺序编码):

    mtcars2 <- mtcars %>% mutate(cyl = factor(cyl, levels = c(4, 6, 8))) 
    mtcars2$cyl[1:5]
    #[1] 6 6 4 6 8
    #Levels: 4 6 8

更改级别的顺序(但不是标签本身:cyl 仍然是同一列)

    mtcars3 <- mtcars2 %>% mutate(cyl = factor(cyl, levels = c(8, 6, 4))) 
    mtcars3$cyl[1:5]
    #[1] 6 6 4 6 8
    #Levels: 8 6 4
    all(mtcars3$cyl==mtcars2$cyl)
    #[1] TRUE

cyl分配新标签 标签的顺序是:c(8, 6, 4),因此我们指定新标签如下:

    mtcars4 <- mtcars3 %>% mutate(cyl = factor(cyl, labels = c("new_value_for_8", 
                                                               "new_value_for_6", 
                                                               "new_value_for_4" )))
    mtcars4$cyl[1:5]
    #[1] new_value_for_6 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_4 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_8
    #Levels: new_value_for_8 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_4

请注意此列与我们的第一列有何不同:

    all(as.character(mtcars4$cyl)!=mtcars3$cyl) 
    #[1] TRUE 
    #Note: TRUE here indicates that all values are unequal because I used != instead of ==
    #as.character() was required as the levels were numeric and thus not comparable to a character vector

更多细节:

如果我们要使用mtcars2而不是mtcars3更改cylmtcars3 ,我们需要以不同的方式指定标签以获得相同的结果。 mtcars2的标签mtcars2是:c(4, 6, 8),因此我们指定新标签如下

    #change labels of mtcars2 (order used to be: c(4, 6, 8)
    mtcars5 <- mtcars2 %>% mutate(cyl = factor(cyl, labels = c("new_value_for_4", 
                                                               "new_value_for_6", 
                                                               "new_value_for_8" )))

不像mtcars3$cylmtcars4$cyl标签mtcars4$cylmtcars5$cyl因此相同的,即使他们的等级有不同的顺序。

    mtcars4$cyl[1:5]
    #[1] new_value_for_6 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_4 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_8
    #Levels: new_value_for_8 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_4

    mtcars5$cyl[1:5]
    #[1] new_value_for_6 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_4 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_8
    #Levels: new_value_for_4 new_value_for_6 new_value_for_8

    all(mtcars4$cyl==mtcars5$cyl)
    #[1] TRUE

    levels(mtcars4$cyl) == levels(mtcars5$cyl)
    #1] FALSE  TRUE FALSE

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