在lxml中解析HTML树：如何检索元素内的文本？

Question

我正在尝试检索元素内的正确文本。 这是输出：

(Pdb) p etree.tostring(els[0])
'<h5 class="msg-delivered" style="padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:15px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#888888;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:300 !important">&#13;\n<i class="ic-icon-delivered" style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;Helvetica&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;position:relative;background:url(https://d1s8987jlndkbs.cloudfront.net/assets/sprite-ratings-ee0696744f54df6536179c70e24217e3.png) no-repeat -12px -12px;background-size:132px 436px;display:none;vertical-align:middle;width:25px;height:25px;background-position:-16px -16px;top:0"/>&#13;\nYour order was delivered&#13;\non&#13;\n6/4&#13;\n@&#13;\n4:44 PM&#13;\n</h5>&#13;\n'
(Pdb) p els[0].text
'\r\n'

如何获取字符串：“您的商品在6/4下午4:40交付”？ 我可以在etree.tostring（）输出上使用正则表达式，但想知道为什么els [0] .text选项不起作用？

Answer 1

您可以尝试使用xpath函数string()返回当前元素内所有文本节点的串联值：

import lxml.html
html = """<h5 class="msg-delivered" style="padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:15px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#888888;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:300 !important">&#13;\n<i class="ic-icon-delivered" style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;Helvetica&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;position:relative;background:url(https://d1s8987jlndkbs.cloudfront.net/assets/sprite-ratings-ee0696744f54df6536179c70e24217e3.png) no-repeat -12px -12px;background-size:132px 436px;display:none;vertical-align:middle;width:25px;height:25px;background-position:-16px -16px;top:0"/>&#13;\nYour order was delivered&#13;\non&#13;\n6/4&#13;\n@&#13;\n4:44 PM&#13;\n</h5>"""
tree = lxml.html.etee.fromstring(html)
print(tree.xpath("string()"))

输出：

'\r\n\r\nYour order was delivered\r\non\r\n6/4\r\n@\r\n4:44 PM\r\n'

Answer 2

如果您想要所有文本，则可以简单地使用：

els[0].text_content()

也就是说，假设您使用以下方式加载了html：

import lxml.html
html = """<h5 class="msg-delivered" style="padding:0;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;line-height:1.1;margin-bottom:15px;-webkit-font-smoothing:antialiased;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;color:#888888;vertical-align:middle;margin:0;font-size:13px;font-weight:300 !important">&#13;\n<i class="ic-icon-delivered" style="margin:0;padding:0;font-family:&quot;Open Sans&quot;, &quot;Helvetica Neue&quot;, &quot;Helvetica&quot;, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;text-rendering:optimizeLegibility;position:relative;background:url(https://d1s8987jlndkbs.cloudfront.net/assets/sprite-ratings-ee0696744f54df6536179c70e24217e3.png) no-repeat -12px -12px;background-size:132px 436px;display:none;vertical-align:middle;width:25px;height:25px;background-position:-16px -16px;top:0"/>&#13;\nYour order was delivered&#13;\non&#13;\n6/4&#13;\n@&#13;\n4:44 PM&#13;\n</h5>"""
tree = lxml.html.fromstring(html)

请注意，您可能希望避免使用lxml.html。 etree .fromstring，只需使用lxml.html.fromstring