在Linux和Mac OS X上相当于Windows .NET（C ++）SpinWait？

Question

Windows .NET（C ++）通过YIELD / PAUSE指令为超线程友好忙等待提供SpinWait。 Linux和Mac OS X上的等效功能是什么？ 如果系统调用不可用，如何在用户空间中实现等效功能？

参见Windows Thread :: SpinWait

有关自旋等待的性能问题的讨论，请参阅启用超线程技术的英特尔处理器上的长时间自旋等待循环 。

Answer 1

参见sameer_87的 https://www.codeproject.com/articles/184046/spin-lock-in-c

#include "SpinLock.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace LockFree;
using namespace std;

void tSpinWait::Lock(tSpinLock &LockObj)
{
    m_iterations = 0;
    while(true)
    {
        // A thread alreading owning the lock shouldn't be allowed to wait to acquire the lock - reentrant safe
        if(LockObj.dest == GetCurrentThreadId())
            break;
        /*
          Spinning in a loop of interlockedxxx calls can reduce the available memory bandwidth and slow
          down the rest of the system. Interlocked calls are expensive in their use of the system memory
          bus. It is better to see if the 'dest' value is what it is expected and then retry interlockedxx.
        */
        if(InterlockedCompareExchange(&LockObj.dest, LockObj.exchange, LockObj.compare) == 0)
        {
            //assign CurrentThreadId to dest to make it re-entrant safe
            LockObj.dest = GetCurrentThreadId();
            // lock acquired 
            break;          
        }

        // spin wait to acquire 
        while(LockObj.dest != LockObj.compare)
        {
            if(HasThreasholdReached())
            {
                if(m_iterations + YIELD_ITERATION >= MAX_SLEEP_ITERATION)
                    Sleep(0);

                if(m_iterations >= YIELD_ITERATION && m_iterations < MAX_SLEEP_ITERATION)
                {
                    m_iterations = 0;
                    SwitchToThread();
                }
            }
            // Yield processor on multi-processor but if on single processor then give other thread the CPU
            m_iterations++;
            if(Helper::GetNumberOfProcessors() > 1) { YieldProcessor(/*no op*/); }
            else { SwitchToThread(); }              
        }               
    }
}
//

void tSpinWait::Unlock(tSpinLock &LockObj)
{
    if(LockObj.dest != GetCurrentThreadId())
        throw std::runtime_error("Unexpected thread-id in release");
    // lock released
    InterlockedCompareExchange(&LockObj.dest, LockObj.compare, GetCurrentThreadId());   
}