[英]how to loop around every word in a line and then every line in a file?
[英]Count the number of characters in every word of every line of a file
此代码将打印文本文件中的总行数,单词总数和字符总数。 它工作正常,并提供了预期的输出。 但是我想计算每行中的字符数并像这样打印:-
Line No. 1 has 58 Characters
Line No. 2 has 24 Characters
代码:-
import string
def fileCount(fname):
#counting variables
lineCount = 0
wordCount = 0
charCount = 0
words = []
#file is opened and assigned a variable
infile = open(fname, 'r')
#loop that finds the number of lines in the file
for line in infile:
lineCount = lineCount + 1
word = line.split()
words = words + word
#loop that finds the number of words in the file
for word in words:
wordCount = wordCount + 1
#loop that finds the number of characters in the file
for char in word:
charCount = charCount + 1
#returns the variables so they can be called to the main function
return(lineCount, wordCount, charCount)
def main():
fname = input('Enter the name of the file to be used: ')
lineCount, wordCount, charCount = fileCount(fname)
print ("There are", lineCount, "lines in the file.")
print ("There are", charCount, "characters in the file.")
print ("There are", wordCount, "words in the file.")
main()
如
for line in infile:
lineCount = lineCount + 1
正在计算整条线,但是如何进行此操作的每一条线呢? 我正在使用Python 3.X
将所有信息存储在字典中,然后按键访问。
def fileCount(fname):
#counting variables
d = {"lines":0, "words": 0, "lengths":[]}
#file is opened and assigned a variable
with open(fname, 'r') as f:
for line in f:
# split into words
spl = line.split()
# increase count for each line
d["lines"] += 1
# add length of split list which will give total words
d["words"] += len(spl)
# get the length of each word and sum
d["lengths"].append(sum(len(word) for word in spl))
return d
def main():
fname = input('Enter the name of the file to be used: ')
data = fileCount(fname)
print ("There are {lines} lines in the file.".format(**data))
print ("There are {} characters in the file.".format(sum(data["lengths"])))
print ("There are {words} words in the file.".format(**data))
# enumerate over the lengths, outputting char count for each line
for ind, s in enumerate(data["lengths"], 1):
print("Line: {} has {} characters.".format(ind, s))
main()
该代码仅适用于由空格分隔的单词,因此您需要牢记这一点。
定义一set
您希望计数的允许字符,然后可以使用len
获取大部分数据。
在下面,我选择了字符集:
['!','“”,'#','$','%','&','''','(',')','*','+',',',' -','。','/','0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9' ,':',';','<','=','>','?','@','A','B','C','D','E',' F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R' ,“ S”,“ T”,“ U”,“ V”,“ W”,“ X”,“ Y”,“ Z”,“ [”,“ \\”,“]”,“ ^”,“ _','`','a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k' ,“ l”,“ m”,“ n”,“ o”,“ p”,“ q”,“ r”,“ s”,“ t”,“ u”,“ v”,“ w”,“ x','y','z','{','|','}','〜']
#Define desired character set
valid_chars = set([chr(i) for i in range(33,127)])
total_lines = total_words = total_chars = 0
line_details = []
with open ('test.txt', 'r') as f:
for line in f:
total_lines += 1
line_char_count = len([char for char in line if char in valid_chars])
total_chars += line_char_count
total_words += len(line.split())
line_details.append("Line %d has %d characters" % (total_lines, line_char_count))
print ("There are", total_lines, "lines in the file.")
print ("There are", total_chars, "characters in the file.")
print ("There are", total_words, "words in the file.")
for line in line_details:
print (line)
我被分配了创建一个程序来打印一行中的字符数的任务。
作为编程的菜鸟,我发现这很困难:(。
这是我想出的,以及他的回应-
这是程序的核心部分:
with open ('data_vis_tips.txt', 'r') as inFile:
with open ('count_chars_per_line.txt', 'w') as outFile:
chars = 0
for line in inFile:
line = line.strip('\n')
chars = len(line)
outFile.write(str(len(line))+'\n')
可以简化为:
with open ('data_vis_tips.txt', 'r') as inFile:
for line in inFile:
line = line.strip()
num_chars = len(line)
print(num_chars)
注意,不需要strip()函数的参数。 默认情况下,它会删除空格,而'\\ n'是空格。
这是一个使用内置collections.Counter
的更简单的版本。Counter是对输入进行计数的专用字典。 我们可以使用Counter.update()
方法在每行中输入所有单词(无论是否唯一):
from collections import Counter
def file_count_2(fname):
line_count = 0
word_counter = Counter()
infile = open(fname, 'r')
for line in infile:
line_count += 1
word_counter.update( line.split() )
word_count = 0
char_count = 0
for word, cnt in word_counter.items():
word_count += cnt
char_count += cnt * len(word)
print(word_counter)
return line_count, word_count, char_count
笔记:
words
(更好的方法是仅对唯一单词进行哈希处理并存储其计数,这是Counter所做的事情),并且每次我们看到时都不需要迭代和递增charCount一个单词的出现。 word_count
而不是char_count
,则可以直接采用word_count = sum(word_counter.values())
而不需要遍历word_counter
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