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计算文件每一行中每个单词的字符数

[英]Count the number of characters in every word of every line of a file

此代码将打印文本文件中的总行数,单词总数和字符总数。 它工作正常,并提供了预期的输出。 但是我想计算每行中的字符数并像这样打印:-

Line No. 1 has 58 Characters
Line No. 2 has 24 Characters

代码:-

import string
def fileCount(fname):
    #counting variables
    lineCount = 0
    wordCount = 0
    charCount = 0
    words = []

    #file is opened and assigned a variable
    infile = open(fname, 'r')

    #loop that finds the number of lines in the file
    for line in infile:
        lineCount = lineCount + 1
        word = line.split()
        words = words + word

    #loop that finds the number of words in the file
    for word in words:
        wordCount = wordCount + 1
        #loop that finds the number of characters in the file
        for char in word:
            charCount = charCount + 1
    #returns the variables so they can be called to the main function        
    return(lineCount, wordCount, charCount)

def main():
    fname = input('Enter the name of the file to be used: ')
    lineCount, wordCount, charCount = fileCount(fname)
    print ("There are", lineCount, "lines in the file.")
    print ("There are", charCount, "characters in the file.")
    print ("There are", wordCount, "words in the file.")
main()

for line in infile:
    lineCount = lineCount + 1 

正在计算整条线,但是如何进行此操作的每一条线呢? 我正在使用Python 3.X

将所有信息存储在字典中,然后按键访问。

def fileCount(fname):
    #counting variables
    d = {"lines":0, "words": 0, "lengths":[]}
    #file is opened and assigned a variable
    with open(fname, 'r') as f:
        for line in f:
            # split into words
            spl = line.split()
            # increase count for each line
            d["lines"] += 1
            # add length of split list which will give total words
            d["words"] += len(spl)
            # get the length of each word and sum
            d["lengths"].append(sum(len(word) for word in spl))
    return d

def main():
    fname = input('Enter the name of the file to be used: ')
    data = fileCount(fname)
    print ("There are {lines} lines in the file.".format(**data))
    print ("There are {} characters in the file.".format(sum(data["lengths"])))
    print ("There are {words} words in the file.".format(**data))
    # enumerate over the lengths, outputting char count for each line
    for ind, s in enumerate(data["lengths"], 1):
        print("Line: {} has {} characters.".format(ind, s))
main()

该代码仅适用于由空格分隔的单词,因此您需要牢记这一点。

定义一set您希望计数的允许字符,然后可以使用len获取大部分数据。
在下面,我选择了字符集:

['!','“”,'#','$','%','&','''','(',')','*','+',',',' -','。','/','0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9' ,':',';','<','=','>','?','@','A','B','C','D','E',' F','G','H','I','J','K','L','M','N','O','P','Q','R' ,“ S”,“ T”,“ U”,“ V”,“ W”,“ X”,“ Y”,“ Z”,“ [”,“ \\”,“]”,“ ^”,“ _','`','a','b','c','d','e','f','g','h','i','j','k' ,“ l”,“ m”,“ n”,“ o”,“ p”,“ q”,“ r”,“ s”,“ t”,“ u”,“ v”,“ w”,“ x','y','z','{','|','}','〜']

#Define desired character set
valid_chars = set([chr(i) for i in range(33,127)])
total_lines = total_words = total_chars = 0
line_details = []

with open ('test.txt', 'r') as f:
    for line in f:
        total_lines += 1
        line_char_count = len([char for char in line if char in valid_chars])
        total_chars += line_char_count
        total_words += len(line.split())
        line_details.append("Line %d has %d characters" % (total_lines, line_char_count))

print ("There are", total_lines, "lines in the file.")
print ("There are", total_chars, "characters in the file.")
print ("There are", total_words, "words in the file.")
for line in line_details:
    print (line)

我被分配了创建一个程序来打印一行中的字符数的任务。

作为编程的菜鸟,我发现这很困难:(。

这是我想出的,以及他的回应-

这是程序的核心部分:

with open ('data_vis_tips.txt', 'r') as inFile:
    with open ('count_chars_per_line.txt', 'w') as outFile:
        chars = 0
            for line in inFile:
                line = line.strip('\n')
                chars = len(line)
                outFile.write(str(len(line))+'\n')

可以简化为:

with open ('data_vis_tips.txt', 'r') as inFile:
    for line in inFile:
        line = line.strip()
        num_chars = len(line)
        print(num_chars)

注意,不需要strip()函数的参数。 默认情况下,它会删除空格,而'\\ n'是空格。

这是一个使用内置collections.Counter的更简单的版本。Counter是对输入进行计数的专用字典。 我们可以使用Counter.update()方法在每行中输入所有单词(无论是否唯一):

from collections import Counter

def file_count_2(fname):

    line_count = 0
    word_counter = Counter()

    infile = open(fname, 'r')
    for line in infile:
        line_count += 1
        word_counter.update( line.split() )

    word_count = 0
    char_count = 0

    for word, cnt in word_counter.items():
        word_count += cnt
        char_count += cnt * len(word)

    print(word_counter)

    return line_count, word_count, char_count

笔记:

  • 我对此进行了测试,它为您的代码提供了相同的计数
  • 这样做会更快,因为您不必迭代地添加到列表words (更好的方法是仅对唯一单词进行哈希处理并存储其计数,这是Counter所做的事情),并且每次我们看到时都不需要迭代和递增charCount一个单词的出现。
  • 如果您只想要word_count而不是char_count ,则可以直接采用word_count = sum(word_counter.values())而不需要遍历word_counter

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