Tkinter：画布中的可滚动框架：自动调整大小的绑定错误

Question

运行该脚本时，将打开一个分为3个框架的窗口：

• 将在其中显示数据的大框架（标签小部件）。
• 下方带有用户输入小部件的较小框架。
• 右下角带有文本框小部件的小框。

大框架将包含大量数据（=标签小部件），因此我需要它可滚动（垂直）。 我是通过在滚动条小部件旁边创建画布小部件来完成的。 在画布中，放置一个框架小部件。

一切似乎都正常，但是我的调整大小功能却没有。 我的框架小部件的尺寸未更新！ 这可能是由于我无法解决的错误。

基本问题：

该脚本在第43行的“ lambda：resize_frame（self） ”命令上给出了错误。我该如何解决？

旁注： 我的问题可能与画布小部件上的绑定不正确有关。 因为我不确定是否要提供足够的上下文（脚本）。

提前谢谢了。

from Tkinter import *
import math

class Processing(Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs):
        Toplevel.__init__(self, master)
        self.master = master
        self.title("Process Window")
        for r in range(6):
            self.rowconfigure(r, weight = 1)    
        for c in range(4):
            self.columnconfigure(c, weight = 1)

        ### WINDOW size and position definitions ###
        ScreenSizeX = master.winfo_screenwidth()
        ScreenSizeY = ( master.winfo_screenheight() - 75 ) #about 75pixels for taskbar on bottom of screen (Windows)
        ScreenRatio = 0.9
        FrameSizeX  = int(ScreenSizeX * ScreenRatio)
        FrameSizeY  = int(ScreenSizeY * ScreenRatio)
        FramePosX   = (ScreenSizeX - FrameSizeX)/2
        FramePosY   = (ScreenSizeY - FrameSizeY)/2
        self.geometry("%sx%s+%s+%s"%(FrameSizeX,FrameSizeY,FramePosX,FramePosY))

        ### Creating 3 "sub-frames" ###
        # Frame 1 - canvas container with scrollbar#
        self.Canvas1 = Canvas(self, bg = "white")
        self.Canvas1.grid(row = 0, column = 0, rowspan = 5, columnspan = 4, sticky = N+E+S+W)
        self.Canvas1.rowconfigure(1, weight = 1)
        self.Canvas1.columnconfigure(1, weight = 1)
        self.myscrollbar=Scrollbar(self, orient = "vertical", command = self.Canvas1.yview)
        self.Canvas1.configure(yscrollcommand = self.myscrollbar.set)
        self.myscrollbar.grid(row = 0, column = 4, rowspan = 5, sticky = N+S)

        # Frame 1 - Frame widget in canvas #
        self.Frame1 = Frame(self.Canvas1, bg = "white")
        self.Frame1.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)    
        for c in range(2):
            self.Frame1.columnconfigure(1 + (2 * c), weight = 1)#1,3 - columns for small icons in the future
        for cb in range(3):
            self.Frame1.columnconfigure((cb * 2), weight = 9)#0,2,4 - columns for data

        self.CFrame1 = self.Canvas1.create_window(0, 0, window = self.Frame1, width = FrameSizeX, anchor = N+W)
        self.Canvas1.bind("<Configure>", lambda: resize_frame(self)) # !!!!! Doesn't work & gives error !!!!!! #
        self.Frame1.bind("<Configure>", lambda: scrollevent(self))

        self.Canvas1.config(scrollregion=self.Canvas1.bbox("all"))

        # Frame 2 #
        self.Frame2 = Frame(self, bg= "yellow")
        self.Frame2.grid(row = 5, column = 0, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 3, sticky = W+E+N+S)
        for r in range(3):
            self.Frame2.rowconfigure(r, weight=1)    
        for c in range(3):
            self.Frame2.columnconfigure(c, weight = 1)
        # Frame 3 #
        self.Frame3 = Frame(self)
        self.Frame3.grid(row = 5, column = 3, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 2, sticky = W+E+N+S)
        self.Frame3.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1)
        self.Frame3.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1)

        # Propagation #
        #self.grid_propagate(False)        # All widgets (the 3 subframes) need to fit in Toplevel window. Minimal window size will be implemented later.
        self.Canvas1.grid_propagate(False) # canvas works with scrollbar, widgets dont need to fit in window size.
        #self.Frame1.grid_propagate(False) # Frame1 should resize to hold all data (label-widgets)
        self.Frame2.grid_propagate(False)  # fixed frame dimensions
        self.Frame3.grid_propagate(False)  # fixed textbox dimensions
        self.Frame1.update_idletasks() # just to make sure

        ### Widgets for the multiple frames ###
        # Frame1 - further populated by button command in frame 2#
        self.lblaa = Label(self.Frame1, bg="white", text = "Processing...", justify = "left")
        self.lblaa.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+W)
        self.LSlabelsr = []
        self.LSlabelsa = []
        self.LSlabelsb = []
        # Frame 2 #
        self.Wbuttontest=Button(self.Frame2, text="Start listing test", command = lambda: refresh(self))
        self.Wbuttontest.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3)
        self.Wentry = Entry(self.Frame2)
        self.Wentry.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = E+W, padx = 10)
        self.Wentry.delete(0, END)
        self.Wentry.insert(0, "user input here")
        # Frame3 #
        self.Wtext = Text(self.Frame3)
        self.Wscrollb = Scrollbar(self.Frame3)
        self.Wscrollb.config(command = self.Wtext.yview)
        self.Wtext.config(yscrollcommand = self.Wscrollb.set)
        self.Wtext.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+E+W+S)        


        ### Test-Lists ### Last character in the left column is "ez" !! ###
        self.LSa = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15]
        self.LSb = [1, 2, 3, 4, 66, 6, 7, 8, 9, 67, 11, 12, 13, 14, 68]
        self.LSr = []
        ib = 0
        prefix = ""
        for i in range(104):
            if ib > 25:
                prefix = chr(ord("a") + (i/ib - 1))
                ib = 0
            else:
                pass
            self.LSr.append(prefix + chr(97+ib))
            ib += 1

        ### FUNCTIONS ###
        def resize_frame(self, event):
            self.Canvas1.itemconfig(self.CFrame1, width = e.width) #height of frame should depend on the contents.

        def scrollevent(event):
            self.Canvas1.configure(scrollregion=self.Canvas1.bbox("all"),width=200,height=200)

        def refresh(self): ### Button-command: data will be shown ###
            if self.lblaa.winfo_exists() == 1:
                self.lblaa.destroy()
            for i in range(len(self.LSr)):
                self.Frame1.rowconfigure(i, weight = 0)
            del self.LSlabelsr[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before
            del self.LSlabelsa[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before
            del self.LSlabelsb[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before
            Vlabelheight = 1
            # Left List #
            for i in range(len(self.LSr)):
                self.LSlabelsr.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSr[i]), bg = "LightBlue", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight))
                self.LSlabelsr[i].grid(row = i, column = 0, sticky = E+W)
            # Middle List #
            for i in range(len(self.LSa)):
                self.LSlabelsa.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSa[i]), bg = "LightBlue", fg = "DarkViolet", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight))
                self.LSlabelsa[i].grid(row = i, column = 2, sticky = E+W)
            # Right List #
            for i in range(len(self.LSb)):
                self.LSlabelsb.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSb[i]), bg = "LightBlue", fg = "DarkGreen", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight))
                self.LSlabelsb[i].grid(row = i, column = 4, sticky = E+W)
            self.Frame1.update()
            self.Frame1.update_idletasks()
            print("done")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    root = Tk()
    root.title("Invisible")
    root.resizable(FALSE,FALSE)
    root.withdraw()
    app = Processing(root)
    root.mainloop()

经过R4PH4EL建议的工作版本：

• 适当的缩进：将函数定义为init的一部分。

• 在43/107和44/110行上对lambda命令进行了一些调整。

   from Tkinter import * import math class Processing(Toplevel): def __init__(self, master, *args, **kwargs): Toplevel.__init__(self, master) self.master = master self.title("Process Window") for r in range(6): self.rowconfigure(r, weight = 1) for c in range(4): self.columnconfigure(c, weight = 1) ### WINDOW size and position definitions ### ScreenSizeX = master.winfo_screenwidth() ScreenSizeY = ( master.winfo_screenheight() - 75 ) #about 75pixels for taskbar on bottom of screen (Windows) ScreenRatio = 0.9 FrameSizeX = int(ScreenSizeX * ScreenRatio) FrameSizeY = int(ScreenSizeY * ScreenRatio) FramePosX = (ScreenSizeX - FrameSizeX)/2 FramePosY = (ScreenSizeY - FrameSizeY)/2 self.geometry("%sx%s+%s+%s"%(FrameSizeX,FrameSizeY,FramePosX,FramePosY)) ### Creating 3 "sub-frames" ### # Frame 1 - canvas container with scrollbar# self.Canvas1 = Canvas(self, bg = "white") self.Canvas1.grid(row = 0, column = 0, rowspan = 5, columnspan = 4, sticky = N+E+S+W) self.Canvas1.rowconfigure(1, weight = 1) self.Canvas1.columnconfigure(1, weight = 1) self.myscrollbar=Scrollbar(self, orient = "vertical", command = self.Canvas1.yview) self.Canvas1.configure(yscrollcommand = self.myscrollbar.set) self.myscrollbar.grid(row = 0, column = 4, rowspan = 5, sticky = N+S) # Frame 1 - Frame widget in canvas # self.Frame1 = Frame(self.Canvas1, bg = "white") self.Frame1.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) for c in range(2): self.Frame1.columnconfigure(1 + (2 * c), weight = 1)#1,3 - columns for small icons in the future for cb in range(3): self.Frame1.columnconfigure((cb * 2), weight = 9)#0,2,4 - columns for data self.CFrame1 = self.Canvas1.create_window(0, 0, window = self.Frame1, width = FrameSizeX, anchor = N+W) self.Canvas1.bind("<Configure>", lambda event: self.resize_frame(event)) # !!!!! Doesn't work & gives error !!!!!! # self.Frame1.bind("<Configure>", lambda event: self.scrollevent(event)) self.Canvas1.config(scrollregion=self.Canvas1.bbox("all")) # Frame 2 # self.Frame2 = Frame(self, bg= "yellow") self.Frame2.grid(row = 5, column = 0, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 3, sticky = W+E+N+S) for r in range(3): self.Frame2.rowconfigure(r, weight=1) for c in range(3): self.Frame2.columnconfigure(c, weight = 1) # Frame 3 # self.Frame3 = Frame(self) self.Frame3.grid(row = 5, column = 3, rowspan = 1, columnspan = 2, sticky = W+E+N+S) self.Frame3.rowconfigure(0, weight = 1) self.Frame3.columnconfigure(0, weight = 1) # Propagation # #self.grid_propagate(False) # All widgets (the 3 subframes) need to fit in Toplevel window. Minimal window size will be implemented later. self.Canvas1.grid_propagate(False) # canvas works with scrollbar, widgets dont need to fit in window size. #self.Frame1.grid_propagate(False) # Frame1 should resize to hold all data (label-widgets) self.Frame2.grid_propagate(False) # fixed frame dimensions self.Frame3.grid_propagate(False) # fixed textbox dimensions self.Frame1.update_idletasks() # just to make sure ### Widgets for the multiple frames ### # Frame1 - further populated by button command in frame 2# self.lblaa = Label(self.Frame1, bg="white", text = "Processing...", justify = "left") self.lblaa.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+W) self.LSlabelsr = [] self.LSlabelsa = [] self.LSlabelsb = [] # Frame 2 # self.Wbuttontest=Button(self.Frame2, text="Start listing test", command = lambda: self.refresh()) self.Wbuttontest.grid(row = 0, column = 0, columnspan = 3) self.Wentry = Entry(self.Frame2) self.Wentry.grid(row = 2, column = 0, columnspan = 3, sticky = E+W, padx = 10) self.Wentry.delete(0, END) self.Wentry.insert(0, "user input here") # Frame3 # self.Wtext = Text(self.Frame3) self.Wscrollb = Scrollbar(self.Frame3) self.Wscrollb.config(command = self.Wtext.yview) self.Wtext.config(yscrollcommand = self.Wscrollb.set) self.Wtext.grid(row = 0, column = 0, sticky = N+E+W+S) ### Test-Lists ### Last character in the left column is "ez" !! ### self.LSa = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15] self.LSb = [1, 2, 3, 4, 66, 6, 7, 8, 9, 67, 11, 12, 13, 14, 68] self.LSr = [] ib = 0 prefix = "" for i in range(104): if ib > 25: prefix = chr(ord("a") + (i/ib - 1)) ib = 0 else: pass self.LSr.append(prefix + chr(97+ib)) ib += 1 ### FUNCTIONS ### def resize_frame(self, e): self.Canvas1.itemconfig(self.CFrame1, width = e.width) #height of frame should depend on the contents. def scrollevent(self, event): self.Canvas1.configure(scrollregion=self.Canvas1.bbox("all"),width=200,height=200) def refresh(self): ### Button-command: data will be shown ### if self.lblaa.winfo_exists() == 1: self.lblaa.destroy() for i in range(len(self.LSr)): self.Frame1.rowconfigure(i, weight = 0) del self.LSlabelsr[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before del self.LSlabelsa[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before del self.LSlabelsb[:] # remove any previous labels from if the callback was called before Vlabelheight = 1 # Left List # for i in range(len(self.LSr)): self.LSlabelsr.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSr[i]), bg = "LightBlue", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight)) self.LSlabelsr[i].grid(row = i, column = 0, sticky = E+W) # Middle List # for i in range(len(self.LSa)): self.LSlabelsa.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSa[i]), bg = "LightBlue", fg = "DarkViolet", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight)) self.LSlabelsa[i].grid(row = i, column = 2, sticky = E+W) # Right List # for i in range(len(self.LSb)): self.LSlabelsb.append(Label(self.Frame1, text = str(self.LSb[i]), bg = "LightBlue", fg = "DarkGreen", justify = "left", height = Vlabelheight)) self.LSlabelsb[i].grid(row = i, column = 4, sticky = E+W) self.Frame1.update() self.Frame1.update_idletasks() print("done") if __name__ == "__main__": root = Tk() root.title("Invisible") root.resizable(FALSE,FALSE) root.withdraw() app = Processing(root) root.mainloop() 

Answer 1

通常您的缩进是错误的，或者是您弄错了。

您的所有函数都在__init__函数中定义

第二：如果要调用类函数，则通过obj.function调用

您可能会在lambda: resize(self)发生错误，因为它应该是lambda: self.resize 。

试一试，尝试一下。 并且请确保您的缩进正确。

我在这里完全同意Bryan的观点-省略了lambdas（根据我个人的观点），它更易于阅读，并且在结构化和实用性更高的编码样式中更“好”。