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[英]Django Rest-framework: Unable to create a user with profile picture
[英]Django Rest Framework create user and user profile
我正在尝试创建将使用我的 API 创建新用户的视图。 我正在为我的用户使用自定义模型,还创建了一个名为 Profile 的模型来管理与身份验证无关的数据。
我是 Django 世界的新手,这可能非常困难。
这是我的models.py
class UserManager(BaseUserManager):
def create_user(self, email, password=None):
if not email:
raise ValueError('User must have an email address')
user = self.model(
email = self.normalize_email(email),
)
user.set_password(password)
user.save()
return user
def create_superuser(self, email, password):
user = self.create_user(email, password=password)
user.is_admin = True
user.save()
return user
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
objects = UserManager()
email = models.EmailField(unique=True, db_index=True)
created = models.DateTimeField('created', auto_now_add=True)
modified = models.DateTimeField(auto_now=True)
is_active = models.BooleanField('active', default=True)
is_admin = models.BooleanField('admin', default=False)
USERNAME_FIELD = 'email'
ordering = ('created',)
def is_staff(self):
return self.is_admin
def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):
return True
def has_module_perms(self, app_label):
return True
def get_short_name(self):
return self.email
def get_full_name(self):
return self.email
def __unicode__(self):
return self.email
class Profile(models.Model):
GENDER = (
('M', 'Homme'),
('F', 'Femme'),
)
user = models.OneToOneField(settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL)
first_name = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=False)
last_name = models.CharField(max_length=120, blank=False)
gender = models.CharField(max_length=1, choices=GENDER)
zip_code = models.CharField(max_length=5, validators=[MinLengthValidator(5)], blank=False)
def __unicode__(self):
return u'Profile of user: {0}'.format(self.user.email)
def create_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
Profile.objects.create(user=instance)
post_save.connect(create_profile, sender=User)
def delete_user(sender, instance=None, **kwargs):
try:
instance.user
except User.DoesNotExist:
pass
else:
instance.user.delete()
post_delete.connect(delete_user, sender=Profile)
这是我的 serializers.py
class ProfileSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Profile
fields = ('first_name', 'last_name', 'gender', 'zip_code',)
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
profile = ProfileSerializer(required=True)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('url', 'email', 'profile', 'created',)
这是views.py
class UserList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticatedOrWriteOnly,)
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def get_queryset(self):
if self.request.user.is_staff:
return User.objects.all()
else:
return self.request.user
def post(self, request, format=None):
serializer = ProfileSerializer(data=request.data)
print serializer.__dict__
if serializer.is_valid():
print "valid"
return Response("placeholder", status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
我的目标是能够同时创建用户和个人资料,同时能够验证所有内容,我怎么能做到这一点?
实际上,Django Rest Framework 无法通过嵌套关系处理这项工作,因此您必须自己实现这些方法。 我会给你一些你的代码应该是什么样子的例子。
你的看法:
class UserList(generics.ListCreateAPIView):
permission_classes = (IsAuthenticatedOrWriteOnly,)
serializer_class = UserSerializer
def post(self, request, format=None):
serializer = UserSerializer(data=request.data)
if serializer.is_valid():
serializer.save()
return Response(serializer.data, status=status.HTTP_201_CREATED)
return Response(serializer.errors, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)
现在,您的序列化程序的save
方法将在您想要创建对象时调用create
方法,并在您想要更新对象时调用update
方法。 因此,让我们实现UserSerializer
的create
方法,该方法将创建配置文件和用户。 这是您的UserSerializer
应该是什么样子的一个简单示例:
class UserSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
profile = ProfileSerializer(required=True)
class Meta:
model = User
fields = ('url', 'email', 'profile', 'created',)
def create(self, validated_data):
# create user
user = User.objects.create(
url = validated_data['url'],
email = validated_data['email'],
# etc ...
)
profile_data = validated_data.pop('profile')
# create profile
profile = Profile.objects.create(
user = user
first_name = profile_data['first_name'],
last_name = profile_data['last_name'],
# etc...
)
return user
正如我所说,这是一个例子,你必须完成它才能做你想做的事,但现在,你知道怎么做:) 要定义更新期间的行为,实现一个update
方法。
这可能为时已晚,但为什么不完全绕过 drf 并将配置文件创建触发器委托给使用如下信号的模型:
模型.py
class User(AbstractBaseUser):
pass
class UserProfile(models.Model):
user = models.OneToOneField(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE, related_name='customer_profile')
country = models.CharField(blank=True, max_length=250)
信号.py
@receiver(post_save, sender=User)
def create_user_profile(sender, instance, created, **kwargs):
if created:
UserProfile.objects.create(
user = instance
)
一旦通过任何方式创建了用户,这基本上会触发相应的配置文件行创建; 管理员、drf 等
然后您可以使用序列化程序来更新数据。 希望这能帮助其他在这里磕磕绊绊的人
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