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如何从pip冻结异常中恢复？

[英]How to recover from pip freeze exception?

 原文  2016-02-09 20:02:06  2   1    python/ python-2.7/ ubuntu/ pip/ easy-install

问题描述

我正在ubuntu 14系统上安装python 2.7软件包，并遇到了一个问题，其中“ pip冻结”会产生这样的输出... 

$ pip freeze
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/freeze.py", line 74, in run
    req = pip.FrozenRequirement.from_dist(dist, dependency_links, find_tags=find_tags)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 286, in from_dist
    assert len(specs) == 1 and specs[0][0] == '=='
AssertionError

Storing debug log for failure in /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log


$ cat /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log
------------------------------------------------------------
/usr/bin/pip run on Tue Feb  9 21:00:36 2016
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/freeze.py", line 74, in run
    req = pip.FrozenRequirement.from_dist(dist, dependency_links, find_tags=find_tags)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 286, in from_dist
    assert len(specs) == 1 and specs[0][0] == '=='
AssertionError

我不确定是什么原因导致了这种情况。
我的怀疑是easy_install程序的故障可能导致某些损坏。

我尝试重新安装pip。
这没有效果。

我怀疑我将必须通过pip和apt-get重新安装所有python软件包，并重新安装所有python软件包。 逐包打包。

这将非常耗时，我不确定是否会达到预期的结果。

有解决这个问题的更好方法吗？

这是我在运行easy_install之前安装的软件包： 

sudo apt-get install -y libprotobuf-dev libleveldb-dev libsnappy-dev libopencv-dev libboost-all-dev libhdf5-serial-dev protobuf-compiler gfortran libjpeg62 libfreeimage-dev libatlas-base-dev git python-dev python-pip libgoogle-glog-dev libbz2-dev libxml2-dev libxslt-dev libffi-dev libssl-dev libgflags-dev liblmdb-dev python-yaml python-numpy

这是我从easy_install获得的初始异常： 

$ sudo easy_install pillow
Searching for pillow
Reading https://pypi.python.org/simple/pillow/
Best match: Pillow 3.1.1
Downloading https://pypi.python.org/packages/source/P/Pillow/Pillow-3.1.1.zip#md5=3868f54fd164e65f95fbcb32f62940ae
Processing Pillow-3.1.1.zip
Writing /tmp/easy_install-Bvu_2f/Pillow-3.1.1/setup.cfg
Running Pillow-3.1.1/setup.py -q bdist_egg --dist-dir /tmp/easy_install-Bvu_2f/Pillow-3.1.1/egg-dist-tmp-lMm5Tk
warning: no previously-included files found matching '.editorconfig'
Building using 4 processes
_imaging.c: In function ‘getink’:
_imaging.c:474:9: warning: ‘r’ may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
     int r, g, b, a;
         ^
libImaging/Resample.c:87:45: warning: always_inline function might not be inlinable [-Wattributes]
 static float __attribute__((always_inline)) i2f(int v) {
                                             ^
Building using 4 processes
Building using 4 processes
Building using 4 processes
--------------------------------------------------------------------
PIL SETUP SUMMARY
--------------------------------------------------------------------
version      Pillow 3.1.1
platform     linux2 2.7.6 (default, Jun 22 2015, 17:58:13)
             [GCC 4.8.2]
--------------------------------------------------------------------
*** TKINTER support not available
--- JPEG support available
*** OPENJPEG (JPEG2000) support not available
--- ZLIB (PNG/ZIP) support available
--- LIBTIFF support available
--- FREETYPE2 support available
*** LITTLECMS2 support not available
*** WEBP support not available
*** WEBPMUX support not available
--------------------------------------------------------------------
To add a missing option, make sure you have the required
library, and set the corresponding ROOT variable in the
setup.py script.

To check the build, run the selftest.py script.

Adding Pillow 3.1.1 to easy-install.pth file
Installing pildriver.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing viewer.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing gifmaker.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilconvert.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilfont.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilfile.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing createfontdatachunk.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing explode.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing pilprint.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing player.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing thresholder.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing painter.py script to /usr/local/bin
Installing enhancer.py script to /usr/local/bin

Installed /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/Pillow-3.1.1-py2.7-linux-x86_64.egg
Processing dependencies for pillow
Finished processing dependencies for pillow
Exception in thread Thread-1:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 810, in __bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 763, in run
    self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 330, in _handle_workers
    debug('worker handler exiting')
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable

Exception Exception in thread Thread-2:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 810, in __bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 763, in run
    self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/pool.py", line 357, in _handle_tasks
    debug('task handler got sentinel')
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not callable

TypeError: TypeError("'NoneType' object does not support item deletion",) in <Finalize object, dead> ignored
ubuntu@ip-10-234-31-217:~/nvidia_installers/cuda$

随后，我能够通过点子安装枕头。

我注意到我的路径中似乎有2个不同的dist包。
这似乎有点奇怪。 

>>> import sys
>>> import pprint
>>> pp = pprint.PrettyPrinter(indent=4)
>>> pp.pprint(sys.path)
[   '',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/plat-x86_64-linux-gnu',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-tk',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-old',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/lib-dynload',
    '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages',
    '/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages']

这是我要遵循的完整过程：
从零开始在EC2上安装Caffe

我了解apt-get支持的pip版本非常旧。
我尝试更新点子。
我收到“操作系统拥有”错误。
我不确定如何在此处使用apt-get以及这样做的后果。 

$ pip install -U pip
Downloading/unpacking pip from https://pypi.python.org/packages/py2.py3/p/pip/pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl#md5=2056f553d5b593d3a970296f229c1b79
  Downloading pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB): 1.2MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 1.5.4
    Not uninstalling pip at /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages, owned by OS
  Can't roll back pip; was not uninstalled
Cleaning up...
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/install.py", line 283, in run
    requirement_set.install(install_options, global_options, root=options.root_path)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 1436, in install
    requirement.install(install_options, global_options, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 672, in install
    self.move_wheel_files(self.source_dir, root=root)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/req.py", line 902, in move_wheel_files
    pycompile=self.pycompile,
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 206, in move_wheel_files
    clobber(source, lib_dir, True)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/wheel.py", line 193, in clobber
    os.makedirs(destsubdir)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/os.py", line 157, in makedirs
    mkdir(name, mode)
OSError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip-8.0.2.dist-info'

Storing debug log for failure in /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log

$ sudo pip install -U pip
Downloading/unpacking pip from https://pypi.python.org/packages/py2.py3/p/pip/pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl#md5=2056f553d5b593d3a970296f229c1b79
  Downloading pip-8.0.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB): 1.2MB downloaded
Installing collected packages: pip
  Found existing installation: pip 1.5.4
    Not uninstalling pip at /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages, owned by OS
Successfully installed pip
Cleaning up...

$ pip --version
pip 1.5.4 from /usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages (python 2.7)
ubuntu@ip-10-234-31-217:~$ pip freeze
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/freeze.py", line 74, in run
    req = pip.FrozenRequirement.from_dist(dist, dependency_links, find_tags=find_tags)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 286, in from_dist
    assert len(specs) == 1 and specs[0][0] == '=='
AssertionError

Storing debug log for failure in /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log

升级点的另一种方法也失败了： 

$ sudo pip install --upgrade pip
The directory '/home/ubuntu/.cache/pip/http' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and the cache has been disabled. Please check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
The directory '/home/ubuntu/.cache/pip' or its parent directory is not owned by the current user and caching wheels has been disabled. check the permissions and owner of that directory. If executing pip with sudo, you may want sudo's -H flag.
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:315: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, which can cause validation failures. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.
  SNIMissingWarning
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning
Requirement already up-to-date: pip in /usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages
/usr/local/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/_vendor/requests/packages/urllib3/util/ssl_.py:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
  InsecurePlatformWarning

$ pip freeze
Exception:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/basecommand.py", line 122, in main
    status = self.run(options, args)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/commands/freeze.py", line 74, in run
    req = pip.FrozenRequirement.from_dist(dist, dependency_links, find_tags=find_tags)
  File "/usr/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/pip/__init__.py", line 286, in from_dist
    assert len(specs) == 1 and specs[0][0] == '=='
AssertionError

Storing debug log for failure in /home/ubuntu/.pip/pip.log

$ ls -lF /home/ubuntu/.cache/pip/http
ls: cannot access /home/ubuntu/.cache/pip/http: No such file or directory
$ ls -lF /home/ubuntu/.cache
total 0
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Feb  6 00:39 motd.legal-displayed

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 5 已采纳  2016-02-09 21:28:31

要在基于debian的Linux发行版（包括ubuntu）上安装pip，使用python-setuptools软件包中的easy_install可以取得很好的效果。 因此通常看起来像： 

sudo apt-get install python-setuptools
sudo easy_install pip

看来您已经可以使用easy_install。 无论如何，在尝试以这种方式安装pip之前，应尝试尽可能多地清理当前设置。 我将删除python-pip软件包，删除所有其他升级pip的痕迹，并删除枕头模块的痕迹，因为那是当事情开始出现问题时要安装的东西。 也许像这样： 

sudo apt-get remove --purge python-pip
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python2.7/{dist,site}-packages/pip*
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/python2.7/{dist,site}-packages/pillow*

最后，当您使用easy_install或pip安装除了可导入的python模块之外还包含命令的内容时，该命令将放在/usr/local/bin ，因此您应确保/usr/local/bin在您外壳的PATH 。 pip命令将在其中。 （我只会使用easy_install安装pip，然后使用pip安装任何其他python软件包。）

编辑：顺便说一句，“来自easy_install枕头的初始异常”既不是异常，也不是错误。 它显示了一些非致命的编译器警告，并且未启用某些功能，但它似乎已经起作用。 可能是后来的点子动作导致点子出现问题。

后来的编辑2：我有一个“头脑”，并在上面最后一个原始段落中写了/usr/local/lib ，意思是/usr/local/bin 。 立即修复。

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