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typedef 在结构中的奇怪行为

[英]Strange behaviour of typedef in struct

我正在用C++制作一个singly linked list程序,所以在类中使用struct 我知道typedefstruct ,因此之后声明不需要使用struct关键字。 但是当我不使用typedef ,即使在未来的声明中不使用struct关键字,代码也会成功编译,但是当我使用typedef它不会编译。 这是代码:

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

struct node{        
    int data;
    node* next;
}*head; 

class single_list{
    public:
        struct node* create_node(int);
        void insert_begin();
        void insert_pos();
        void insert_last();
        void delete_pos();
        void sort();
        void display();
};

int main()
{
    int choice,nodes,element,position,i;
    single_list sl;
    node* head = NULL;
    while(1)
    {
        cout<<endl<<"List of operations"<<endl;
        cout<<"1: Insert node at the beginning"<<endl;
        cout<<"2: Insert node at a specific position"<<endl;
        cout<<"3: Insert node at the last"<<endl;
        cout<<"4: Delete a node at specific position"<<endl;
        cout<<"5: Sorting the linked list"<<endl;
        cout<<"6: Display the linked list"<<endl;
        cout<<"Enter your choice"<<endl;
        cin>>choice;

        switch(choice)
        {
            case 1:
                cout<<"Inserting node at the beninning"<<endl;
                sl.insert_begin();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            case 2:
                cout<<"Inserting node at a specific position"<<endl;
                sl.insert_pos();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            case 3:
                cout<<"Inserting node at the last place"<<endl;
                sl.insert_last();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            case 4:
                cout<<"Deleting node at specific position"<<endl;
                sl.delete_pos();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            case 5:
                cout<<"Sorting the linked list"<<endl;
                sl.sort();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            case 6:
                cout<<"Displaying the linked list"<<endl;
                sl.display();
                cout<<endl;
                break;

            default:
                cout<<"Wrong Choice"<<endl;                     
        }
    }
}

node *single_list::create_node(int data)
{
    node* temp;
    temp = new node;
    temp->data = data;
    temp->next = NULL;
    return temp;
}

void single_list::insert_begin()
{
    cout<<"Enter value to be inserted"<<endl;
    int data;
    cin>>data;
    node* temp;
    node* p;
    temp = create_node(data);

    if (head == NULL)
    {
        head = temp;
        head->next = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        p = head;
        head = temp;
        head->next = p;
    }
}

void single_list::insert_pos()
{
    cout<<"Enter the position at which you want to enter the number"<<endl;
    int pos;
    cin>>pos;
    cout<<"Enter the data of the node"<<endl;
    int data;
    node* t;
    t = head;
    node* temp1;
    temp1->data = data;
    for(int i=1;i<pos;i++)
    {
        t = t->next;
    }
    if(pos == 1)
    {
        if(head == NULL)
        {
            head = temp1;
            head->next = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            temp1->next = t->next;
            t->next = temp1;    
        }
    }
    else
    {
        cout<<"Position out of range"<<endl;
    }

}

void single_list::insert_last()
{
    cout<<"Enter the data of the number"<<endl;
    int data;
    cin>>data;
    node* temp1;
    temp1->data = data;
    temp1->next = NULL;
    node* t;
    t = head;
    while(t != NULL)
   {
        t = t->next;
   }
    t->next = temp1;
}

定义struct

struct node{        
    int data;
    node* next;
}*head;

在 C++ 中,名称node可以在没有typedef情况下使用。 您一定在考虑 C,它需要一个typedef

在 C++ 中,可以使用:

struct node{        
    int data;
    node* next;
};

node* head;

在 C 中,您需要使用:

struct node{        
    int data;
    struct node* next;
};

struct node* head;

或者

// Define the struct and a typedef in one statement.
typedef struct node{        
    int data;
    struct node* next;
} node;

node* head;

在 C++ 中定义/声明对象时不需要使用struct关键字。 在 C 中不是在 C++ 中是这样。

以下代码将head声明为指向node变量的指针。

struct node{        
    int data;
    node* next;
}*head; 

但是,以下将定义head为指向node的类型指针的别名。

typedef struct node{        
    int data;
    node* next;
}*head; 

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