capistrano-错误：无法构建gem本机扩展

Question

我尝试用capistrano 3，pg数据库，nginx和乘客部署Rails应用程序，我遇到此错误
我使用RVM
操作系统：ubuntu 14.04
红宝石v：2.1.4

完整错误http://ec2-52-38-245-69.us-west-2.compute.amazonaws.com/

ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    /usr/local/bin/ruby extconf.rb
/home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:71:in `initialize': Permission denied @ rb_sysopen - /usr/local/bin/ri (Errno::EACCES)
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:71:in `open'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:71:in `block in try_to_fix_binstubs'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:69:in `map'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:69:in `try_to_fix_binstubs'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:46:in `block in execute_no_wrapper'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:44:in `each'
    from /home/ubuntu/.rvm/rubies/ruby-2.1.4/lib/ruby/gems/2.1.0/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2/lib/executable-hooks/regenerate_binstubs_command.rb:44:in `execute_no_wrapper'
    from extconf.rb:19:in `<main>'
bundler 1.11.2
executable-hooks 1.3.2
rake 10.1.0
rdoc 4.1.0

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4@global/gems/executable-hooks-1.3.2 for inspection.
Results logged to /home/ubuntu/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.1.4@global/extensions/x86_64-linux/2.1.0-static/executable-hooks-1.3.2/gem_make.out
 (Gem::Ext::BuildError)
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:89:in `run'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:38:in `block in build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/tempfile.rb:324:in `open'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/ext_conf_builder.rb:17:in `build'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:161:in `block (2 levels) in build_extension'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:160:in `chdir'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:160:in `block in build_extension'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `synchronize'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:159:in `build_extension'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:198:in `block in build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:195:in `each'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/ext/builder.rb:195:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1436:in `block in build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/user_interaction.rb:45:in `use_ui'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:1434:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/stub_specification.rb:60:in `build_extensions'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/basic_specification.rb:56:in `contains_requirable_file?'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:925:in `block in find_inactive_by_path'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:924:in `each'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:924:in `find'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/specification.rb:924:in `find_inactive_by_path'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems.rb:185:in `try_activate'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:132:in `rescue in require'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:144:in `require'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/native_support.rb:423:in `load_native_extension'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/native_support.rb:113:in `load_from_load_path'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/native_support.rb:40:in `try_load'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/native_support.rb:50:in `start'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger/native_support.rb:439:in `<top (required)>'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
  /usr/local/lib/ruby/2.1.0/rubygems/core_ext/kernel_require.rb:55:in `require'
  /usr/lib/ruby/vendor_ruby/phusion_passenger.rb:235:in `require_passenger_lib'
  /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:76:in `init_passenger'
  /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:155:in `<module:App>'
  /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:30:in `<module:PhusionPassenger>'
  /usr/share/passenger/helper-scripts/rack-preloader.rb:29:in `<main>'

Answer 1

检查您要部署的用户是否具有安装gem的适当权限。 要验证这一点，请以该用户身份登录服务器，并尝试从Gemfile安装一些gems。

如果某些gem缺少系统依赖性，例如openssl，libxml等，则可能无法安装。