无法运行rake测试Rails

Question

我正在关注Michael Hartl的Rails教程（ 第3章 ）。 但是，当我按照他的方式编辑Gemfile然后运行rake test时，rails建议我在应用程序配置文件中添加以下行： config.web_console.development_only = false 。 我这样做了，再次运行bundle exec rake test ，这是错误信息：

/home/ys/workspace/sample_app/db/schema.rb doesn't exist yet. Run `rake db:migrate` to create it, then try again. If you do not intend to use a database, you should instead alter /home/ys/workspace/sample_app/config/application.rb to limit the frameworks that will be loaded.
/home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:91:in `block in load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `each'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:114:in `run'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:56:in `block in autorun'

然后我继续rake db:migrate ，然后再次运行rake test：

Running via Spring preloader in process 15638
/home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require': cannot load such file -- guard (LoadError)
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/guard-minitest-2.4.4/lib/minitest/guard_minitest_plugin.rb:4:in `<top (required)>'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `block in require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:240:in `load_dependency'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/activesupport-4.2.6/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:274:in `require'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:91:in `block in load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `each'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:85:in `load_plugins'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:114:in `run'
    from /home/ys/.rbenv/versions/2.3.1/lib/ruby/gems/2.3.0/gems/minitest-5.8.4/lib/minitest.rb:56:in `block in autorun'

所有我能猜到的是Ruby出了问题，因为前几天当我运行bundle install时，rails控制台出现了bug，旧版本，因此我从2.3.0升级到2.3.1。 那么，如何解决这个问题呢？

Answer 1

看起来这可能有效：

1）只需从Gemfile和Guardfile中删除guard-spring。

2）然后升级guard-rspec（运行包更新guard-rspec）

3）设置guard-rspec使用spring（参见： https ： //github.com/guard/guard-rspec#options ）

来自： https ： //github.com/guard/guard/issues/734

Answer 2

https://github.com/guard/guard-minitest

将guard gem添加到您的gem文件中。
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