无法将类型“ [String]”的值分配给类型“ String？” （迅速）

Question

在iOS开发的Swift（Xcode）中，我试图将UILabel的文本设置为数组的元素。 这是一个简单的项目，在您按下按钮时：从50个元素的数组中随机取出50个元素，然后选择3个元素，我希望将这3个元素显示在UILabel上，但出现错误我无法将类型“ [String]”的值分配给类型“ String？” （迅速）。 这是我的代码主要代码

import UIKit

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet weak var altLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var asianLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var bluesLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var classicalLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var countryLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var danceLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var edmLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var emotionalLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var euroLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var indieLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var inspirationalLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var jazzLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var latinLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var newAgeLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var operaLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var popLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var rbLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var reggaeLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var rockLabel: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var rapLabel: UILabel!

    override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

    }

    override func didReceiveMemoryWarning() {
    super.didReceiveMemoryWarning()
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
    }

    @IBAction func altButton(sender: UIButton) {

        let altSongs: [String] = ["Spirits by The Strumbellas", "Ride by Twenty One Pilots", "Ophelia by The Lumineers", "Dark Necessities by Red Hot Chili Peppers", "Bored to Death by Blink-182", "HandClap by Fitz And Tantrums", "Walking An A Dream by Empire Of The Sun", "Kiss This by The Struts", "Woman Woman by AWOLNATION", "First by Cold War Kids", "Way Down We Go by Kaleo", "Gone by Jr Jr", "Genghis Khan by Miike Snow", "Stressed Out by Twenty One Pilots", "Adventure Of A Lifetime by Coldplay", "2AM by Bear Hands", "Take It From Me by KONGOS", "Soundcheck by Catfish And The Bottlemen", "Brazil by Declan McKenna", "Destruction by Joywave", "Centuries by Fallout Boy", "Castle by Hasley", "First by Cold war Kids", "Unsteady (Erich Lee Gravity Remix) by X Ambadassadors", "Best Day Of My Life by American Authors", "Hymn For The Weekend by Coldplay", "Seven Nation Army by The White Stripes", "This is Gospel by Panic! At The Disco", "Riptide by Vance Joy", "Uma Thurman by Fallout Boy", "My Song Know What You Did In The Dark (Light Em Up) by Fall Out Boy", "Radioactive by Imagine Dragons", "Car Radio by Twenty One Pilots", "Walking On A Dream by Empire Of The Sun", "Viva La Vide by Coldplay", "Left Hand Free by Alt-J", "Tear in My Heart by Twenty One Pilots", "Death Of A Bachelor by Panic! At The Disco", "Demons by Imagine Dragons", "Emperor's New Clothes by Panic! At The Disco", "I Write Sins Not Tradegies by Panic! At The Disco", "Sail by AWOLNATION", "Twice by Catfish And The Bottlemen", "Colors by Hasley", "Nobody Really Cares If You Don't Go To The Party", "Courtney Barnett", "A Sky Full Of Stars", "On Top Of The World by Imagine Dragons", "Woman Woman by AWOLNATION", "Take Me T Church by Hozier"]

        var shuffled = altSongs.shuffle;
        shuffled = altSongs.choose(3)
        altLabel.text = shuffled  //(ending brackets are in place, just not shown here. **Rest of the code is just buttons structured in same format as this one**)

我只是iOS开发的初学者

方法代码 ：//（选择）和（随机播放）

import Foundation
import UIKit

extension Array {
    var shuffle: [Element] {
        var elements = self
        for index in indices.dropLast() {
            guard
            case let swapIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count - index))) + index
                where swapIndex != index else {continue}
            swap(&elements[index], &elements[swapIndex])

        }
        return elements
    }
        mutating func shuffled() {
            for index in indices.dropLast() {
                guard
            case let swapIndex = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count - index))) + index
                where swapIndex != index
                    else { continue }
                swap(&self[index], &self[swapIndex])
            }
        }
        var chooseOne: Element {
            return self[Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(count)))]
        }
        func choose(n: Int) -> [Element] {
            return Array(shuffle.prefix(n))
        }
}

Answer 1

对于您的错误：“ unexpectedly found nil while unwrapping an Optional value ”，看看我关于它们的帖子，理解为'！' 和'？' 对于Swift开发至关重要： 什么是“！” 和'？' Swift中使用的标记

另外，正如还提到的其他答案一样，您将返回一个数组值，而应该提供一个String值，然后将其分配给您的label.text值。 为此，您可以尝试以下操作：

altLabel.text = "\(shuffled[0]), \(shuffled[1]), \(shuffled[2])"

Answer 2

var shuffled = altSongs.shuffle; // Line 1
shuffled = altSongs.choose(3)    // Line 2
altLabel.text = shuffled         // Line 3

将上面的代码替换为

let shuffled = altSongs.shuffle;
let selectedThree = shuffled.choose(3)
altLabel.text = selectedThree[0] + " " + selectedThree[1] + " " + selectedThree[2]

在这里，您可以对数组进行shuffled并将其放入shuffled然后在selectedThree中selectedThree前三个元素的数组。

selectedThree是字符串数组。 我们可以迭代数组以获取字符串，也可以仅使用前三个元素。

Answer 3

我不知道您在哪里定义shuffle和choose ，我认为您没有正确实现它们。

我认为您可以创建一个choose扩展方法，该方法返回一个字符串数组：

func chooseFromArray<T>(array: [T], amountToChoose: Int) -> [T] {
    var returnVal: [T] = []
    var arrayCopy = array
    for _ in 0..<amountToChoose {
        let chosen = Int(arc4random_uniform(UInt32(arrayCopy.count)))
        returnVal.append(arrayCopy[chosen])
        arrayCopy.removeAtIndex(chosen)
    }
    return returnVal
}

然后您可以这样称呼它：

var chosenSongs = chooseFromArray(altSongs, amountToChoose: 3)

您说过要在标签中显示数组。 所以我想你想这样做吗？

altLabel.text = chosenSongs.joinWithSeparator(", ")

我认为应该修复它。