如何在保留先前结构的同时加入列表？

Question

在保留以前的结构的同时，修改后加入预分割字符串时遇到麻烦。

说我有一个像这样的字符串：

string = """

This is a nice piece of string isn't it?
I assume it is so. I have to keep typing
to use up the space. La-di-da-di-da.

This   is    a    spaced   out   sentence

Bonjour.
"""

我必须对该字符串进行一些测试..在这些单词中找到特定的单词和字符等...，然后相应地替换它们。 所以要完成，我不得不使用

string.split()

这样做的问题是，split也摆脱了\\ n，多余的空间立即破坏了先前结构的完整性。

是否有一些其他拆分方法可以使我完成此任务，还是应该寻求替代方法？

谢谢。

Answer 1

split方法采用可选参数来指定定界符。 如果只想使用空格（ ' ' ）分隔单词，则可以将其作为参数传递：

>>> string = """
...
... This is a nice piece of string isn't it?
... I assume it is so. I have to keep typing
... to use up the space. La-di-da-di-da.
...
... Bonjour.
... """
>>>
>>> string.split()
['This', 'is', 'a', 'nice', 'piece', 'of', 'string', "isn't", 'it?', 'I', 'assume', 'it', 'is', 'so.', 'I', 'have', 'to', 'keep', 'typing', 'to', 'use', 'up', 'the', 'space.', 'La-di-da-di-da.', 'Bonjour.']
>>> string.split(' ')
['\n\nThis', 'is', 'a', 'nice', 'piece', 'of', 'string', "isn't", 'it?\nI', 'assume', 'it', 'is', 'so.', 'I', 'have', 'to', 'keep', 'typing\nto', 'use', 'up', 'the', 'space.', 'La-di-da-di-da.\n\nBonjour.\n']
>>>

Answer 2

默认情况下，split方法将根据所有空格分割字符串。 如果要分别拆分谎言，则可以先用换行符拆分字符串，然后用空格拆分行：

>>> [line.split() for line in string.strip().split('\n')]
[['This', 'is', 'a', 'nice', 'piece', 'of', 'string', "isn't", 'it?'], ['I', 'assume', 'it', 'is', 'so.', 'I', 'have', 'to', 'keep', 'typing'], ['to', 'use', 'up', 'the', 'space.', 'La-di-da-di-da.'], [], ['Bonjour.']]

Answer 3

只需用定界符分割即可：

>>> string.split(' ')
['\n\nThis', 'is', 'a', 'nice', 'piece', 'of', 'string', "isn't", 'it?\nI', 'assume', 'it', 'is', 'so.', 'I', 'have', 'to', 'keep', 'typing\nto', 'use', 'up', 'the', 'space.', 'La-di-da-di-da.\n\nThis', '', '', 'is', '', '', '', 'a', '', '', '', 'spaced', '', '', 'out', '', '', 'sentence\n\nBonjour.\n']

并找回它：

>>> ' '.join(a)
This is a nice piece of string isn't it?
I assume it is so. I have to keep typing
to use up the space. La-di-da-di-da.

This   is    a    spaced   out   sentence

Bonjour.

Answer 4

只需执行string.split(' ') （注意split方法的space参数）。

这会将您宝贵的新行保留在生成结果数组的字符串中...

Answer 5

您可以将空格保存在另一个列表中，然后在修改单词列表后将它们连接在一起。

In [1]: from nltk.tokenize import RegexpTokenizer
In [2]: spacestokenizer = RegexpTokenizer(r'\s+', gaps=False)

In [3]: wordtokenizer = RegexpTokenizer(r'\s+', gaps=True)

In [4]: string = """
   ...: 
   ...: This is a nice piece of string isn't it?
   ...: I assume it is so. I have to keep typing
   ...: to use up the space. La-di-da-di-da.
   ...: 
   ...: This   is    a    spaced   out   sentence
   ...: 
   ...: Bonjour.
   ...: """

In [5]: spaces = spacestokenizer.tokenize(string)

In [6]: words = wordtokenizer.tokenize(string)

In [7]: print ''.join([s+w  for s, w in zip(spaces, words)])


This is a nice piece of string isn't it?
I assume it is so. I have to keep typing
to use up the space. La-di-da-di-da.

This   is    a    spaced   out   sentence

Bonjour.