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如何在ggplot2中获得准确的字体,线条,点和图形大小?

[英]How do I get exact font, line, point and figure sizes in ggplot2?

对于最终文章提交,我被要求更新我的数据,以便它们符合以下规范:

  1. 轴线为0.25毫米
  2. 轴线四周都有刻度线
  3. 数据线为0.5毫米
  4. 字体是10pt
  5. 数字应为80或169毫米宽
  6. 必须是300 dpi

我尝试过的:

library(ggplot2)
library(cowplot)
theme_set(theme_bw())

x <- rnorm(100)
mydata <- data.frame(x = x,
                     y = x^2 + runif(100),
                     z = rep(letters[1:4], 25))

p <- ggplot(data = mydata, aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_point(aes(color = z)) + 
  geom_smooth(color = 'black', se = FALSE, size = 0.5) +
  theme(text = element_text(family = 'Times', size = 10, color = 'black'),
        axis.ticks.length = unit(-0.1, 'cm'),
        axis.text.x = element_text(margin = margin(t = 4, unit = 'mm')),
        axis.text.y = element_text(margin = margin(r = 4, unit = 'mm')),
        panel.grid = element_blank(),
        axis.line = element_line(size = 0.25),
        legend.position = c(0.5, 0.75))

p
ggsave(plot = p, 
       filename = 'myplot.png', 
       width = 80, height = 50, dpi = 300, units = 'mm')

p2 <- cowplot::plot_grid(plotlist = list(p, p, p, p), nrow = 1)
ggsave(plot = p2,
       filename = 'mymultipleplot.png',
       width = 169, height = 50, dpi = 300, units = 'mm')

返回以下两个图:

在此输入图像描述

在此输入图像描述

我可以弄清楚如何处理这里的一些问题(例如传说位置),但我遇到以下困难:

  1. 如何围绕顶轴和右轴进行刻度?
  2. 如何才能使尺寸正确...
    • 这些看起来比10磅大得多。 (下载或在新窗口中打开以查看未缩放版本)
    • 尽管在主题(字体,行)中指定,但两个图中的尺寸不会保持不变。
    • 我不知道如何确认线条的大小是正确的(以ggsave或毫米为单位)...... ggsave是否有自己的缩放?

更新对于我目前的任务,我导出为svg文件并在Inkscape中进行编辑。 花了几个小时,但比让ggplot扭曲到规格更容易。

但是,知道将来如何在ggplot2中以编程方式执行此操作将会很有帮助。

回答问题:1)Henrik在评论中说:

对于问题1(如何在顶部和右侧轴上打勾?),请参阅ggplot 2.2.0中scale_中的新sec.axis参数。 试试例如ggplot(mpg,aes(displ,hwy))+ geom_point()+ scale_x_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis())+ scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis())

2)这里的问题是你有不同大小的相同分辨率。 由于两个数字的高度相同,您可以通过手动将字体大小与宽度的比率相乘来解决此问题:例如,

theme(text = element_text(family = 'Times', size = 10*(80/169), color = 'black')

整个代码应如下所示:

library(ggplot2)
library(cowplot)
theme_set(theme_bw())

x <- rnorm(100)
mydata <- data.frame(x = x,
                     y = x^2 + runif(100),
                     z = rep(letters[1:4], 25))

p1 <- ggplot(data = mydata, aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_point(aes(color = z)) + scale_x_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis()) + 
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis()) + 
  geom_smooth(color = 'black', se = FALSE, size = 0.5) +
  theme(text = element_text(family = 'Times', size = 10*(80/169), color = 'black'),
        axis.ticks.length = unit(-0.1, 'cm'),
        axis.text.x = element_text(margin = margin(t = 4, unit = 'mm')),


        axis.text.y = element_text(margin = margin(r = 4, unit = 'mm')),

        panel.grid = element_blank(),
        axis.line = element_line(size = 0.25),
        legend.position = c(0.5, 0.75))

p2 <- ggplot(data = mydata, aes(x, y)) + 
  geom_point(aes(color = z)) + scale_x_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis()) + 
  scale_y_continuous(sec.axis = dup_axis()) + 
  geom_smooth(color = 'black', se = FALSE, size = 0.5) +
  theme(text = element_text(family = 'Times', size = 10, color = 'black'),
        axis.ticks.length = unit(-0.1, 'cm'),
        axis.text.x = element_text(margin = margin(t = 4, unit = 'mm')),


        axis.text.y = element_text(margin = margin(r = 4, unit = 'mm')),

        panel.grid = element_blank(),
        axis.line = element_line(size = 0.25),
        legend.position = c(0.5, 0.75))


p1
ggsave(plot = p1, 
       filename = 'myplot.png', 
       width = 80, height = 50, dpi = 300, units = 'mm')

p2multi <- cowplot::plot_grid(plotlist = list(p2, p2, p2, p2), nrow = 1)

ggsave(plot = p2multi ,
       filename = 'mymultipleplot.png',
       width = 169, height = 50, dpi = 300, units = 'mm')

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