无法使用 pip 安装 py3exiv2？

Question

运行pip install py3exiv2 ，出现此错误：

Collecting py3exiv2
  Downloading py3exiv2-0.2.1.tar.gz
Installing collected packages: py3exiv2
  Running setup.py install for py3exiv2 ... error
    Complete output from command /home/vagrant/venv/bin/python3 -u -c "import setuptools, tokenize;__file__='/tmp/pip-build-j6a3aby9/py3exiv2/setup.py';exec(compile(getattr(tokenize, 'open', open)(__file__).read().replace('\r\n', '\n'), __file__, 'exec'))" install --record /tmp/pip-ppz_a46j-record/install-record.txt --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers /home/vagrant/venv/include/site/python3.4/py3exiv2:
    running install
    running build
    running build_py
    creating build
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4
    creating build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/iptc.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/exif.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/xmp.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/preview.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/__init__.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/utils.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    copying src/pyexiv2/metadata.py -> build/lib.linux-x86_64-3.4/pyexiv2
    running build_ext
    building 'libexiv2python' extension
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4
    creating build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/src
    x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc -pthread -DNDEBUG -g -fwrapv -O2 -Wall -Wstrict-prototypes -g -fstack-protector --param=ssp-buffer-size=4 -Wformat -Werror=format-security -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2 -fPIC -I/home/vagrant/venv/include -I/usr/include/python3.4m -c src/exiv2wrapper.cpp -o build/temp.linux-x86_64-3.4/src/exiv2wrapper.o -g
    cc1plus: warning: command line option ‘-Wstrict-prototypes’ is valid for C/ObjC but not for C++ [enabled by default]
    In file included from src/exiv2wrapper.cpp:27:0:
    src/exiv2wrapper.hpp:32:27: fatal error: exiv2/image.hpp: No such file or directory
     #include "exiv2/image.hpp"
                               ^
    compilation terminated.
    error: command 'x86_64-linux-gnu-gcc' failed with exit status 1

我在带有 Python 3.5 的 Mac 和带有 virtualenv 和 Python 3.4 的 Ubuntu 上尝试了类似的错误。

我是否忘记手动安装一些依赖项？ 包不是用最新的 Python 版本维护的吗？

谢谢。

Answer 1

尝试

sudo apt-get install build-essential python-all-dev libexiv2-dev libboost-python-dev

进而

pip3 install py3exiv2

应该没问题...这些是py3exiv2的构建依赖项...

Answer 2

Pawel 问我如何在 AWS EC2 Linux2 发行版的 centOS 上构建 py3exiv2。 我从“Team Exiv”那里得到了很多帮助，一些成员也在“openhub.com”上找到了。 我附上了我开发的粗略的运行手册。 您显然需要选择较新的库。

请记住，这里有粗略的笔记，而不是详细且高度完善的手册。 另外，我至少有 12 个月没有测试过它。 想想这些步骤在做什么，如果它不起作用，请检查库 doco 的语法。

这是建立在 VirtualBox 环境上的，该环境仅与 VM 设置相关

如果我的记忆是正确的（？CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1708.iso？），早期的测试是在 Centos 7.4 上进行的。 除了 Linux2 用户数据和元数据之外，Centos 构建与 AWS Linux2 发行版构建基本相同。

Need to set user-data & meta-data to prep the Linux2 distro. (see AWS doco)
VirtualBox nic to Bridge and active nic
storage to use new seed.iso


update /etc/ssh/sshd_config  
    PermitRootLogin yes
 and 
    PasswordAuthentication yes
    #PasswordAuthentication no

Check disk space needed  !!  need about 4GB 
         Add & mount another vol if needed

~~~~~~~~~~~~~
If using Virtual Box  you can set up folder / directory sharing as follows
 https://www.if-not-true-then-false.com/2010/install-virtualbox-guest-additions-on-fedora-centos-red-hat-rhel/   
For AWS Linux2  (Q1 2018) It found that the CentOS7 process worked perfectly.  (watch the wrong form quote marks)
 https://gist.github.com/larsar/1687725
~~~~~~~~~~~~~


http://dev.exiv2.org/projects/exiv2/wiki/How_do_I_build_Exiv2_on_the_XYZ_platform

write to log as well as screen   
   some_command | tee log.txt
   | tee ~/mk4b-#.log

1) Install Development Tools on CentOS

Update the system and install the development tools 
(https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-python-3-and-set-up-a-local-programming-environment-on-centos-7)
sudo yum -y update
sudo yum -y install yum-utils
sudo yum -y groupinstall development


2) Build and test exiv2

2.a) Install dependent libraries:
sudo yum -y install expat-devel
sudo yum -y install zlib-devel
sudo yum -y install openssl-devel


2.b) Install tools required for the Exiv2 test suite
sudo yum -y install subversion
sudo yum -y install dos2unix

2.c) Get the code
http://www.exiv2.org/download.html


2.d) Install the code into the build tree
mkdir -p ~/gnu/exiv2
cd ~/gnu/exiv2
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 curl -O http://www.exiv2.org/builds/exiv2-0.26-trunk.tar.gz
 tar xzf exiv2-0.26-trunk.tar.gz 
 cd exiv2-trunk/
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

2.e) Build it
(http://dev.exiv2.org/projects/exiv2/wiki/How_do_I_build_Exiv2_on_the_XYZ_platform)
cd ~/gnu/exiv2/exiv2-trunk
./configure   | tee ~/mk7-2e1.log
make            | tee ~/mk7-2e2.log
sudo make install  | tee ~/mk7-2e3.log
export PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig:/usr/lib/pkgconfig" 

2.f) Run the test suite (optional)
svn export svn://dev.exiv2.org/svn/tags/0.26/test 
                   # you only need to do this once to download the test suite
make samples  | tee ~/mk7-2f1.log
make tests       | tee ~/mk7-2f2.log


3) Build and install python 3.6.4

3.a) Get the code
https://www.python.org/downloads/

mkdir ~/gnu/python3
cd ~/gnu/python3
wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.4/Python-3.6.4.tgz

3.b) 

tar xzf Python-3.6.4.tgz
pwd
ls -la 


3.c) Built and install python3.6.4
cd ~/gnu/python3/Python-3.6.4
./configure      ##   ./configure | tee ~/mk7-3c1.log
make               ####   make  | tee ~/mk7-3c2.log
sudo make install   ##   sudo make install | tee ~/mk7-3c3.log

3.d) Create a link to use python3
which python3
which python3.6
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python3

4) Build and install boost

4.a) Get the code from http://www.boost.org/users/download/  (wget)
mkdir ~/gnu/boost
cd ~/gnu/boost
 wget https://dl.bintray.com/boostorg/release/1.66.0/source/boost_1_66_0.tar.gz



4.b) extract boost
 tar xzf boost_1_66_0.tar.gz
cd ~/gnu/boost/boost_1_66_0
ls -la 

4.c)Build and install boost
cd ~/gnu/boost/boost_1_66_0
export BOOST_LIBRARYDIR=$PWD/libs
export BOOST_ROOT=$PWD
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/local/include/python3.6m
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib"
./bootstrap.sh --with-python=/usr/local/bin/python3.6    ****   check which python 3.6
      ## ./bootstrap.sh --with-python=/usr/local/bin/python3.6  | tee ~/mk7-4c1.log

./b2    ##    ./b2   | tee ~/mk7-4c2.log
sudo $PWD/b2 install    ## sudo $PWD/b2 install  | tee ~/mk7-4c3.log

5) Build and test py3exiv2

5.a) Get the code from https://pypi.python.org/pypi/py3exiv2/0.1.0
mkdir ~/gnu/py3exiv2
cd ~/gnu/py3exiv2
… copy the source into ~/gnu/py3exiv2/py3exiv2-0.1.0

wget https://pypi.python.org/packages/60/3b/087a0852d41c5e23eda386f9569c8a2d21085421fe623f9fc9ad14e5a0eb/py3exiv2-0.1.0.tar.gz#md5=cbbc08a30dccedea1fef4f3dd4637db1

 tar xzf   py3exiv2-0.1.0.tar.gz
ls -la


5.b) Build and install py3exiv2
cd ~/gnu/py3exiv2/py3exiv2-0.1.0
ls -la

sudo /usr/local/bin/python3.6 setup.py install
     ## sudo /usr/local/bin/python3.6 setup.py install   | tee ~/mk7-5b1.log

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

5.c) Test py3exiv2
python3.6
import pyexiv2
image=pyexiv2.ImageMetadata('/home/vict/gnu/exiv2/exiv2-trunk/test/data/exiv2-bug876.jpg') # image on your computer
image.read()
image.exif_keys


'/home/vict/gnu/exiv2/exiv2-trunk/test/data/exiv2-bug876.jpg'
/home/vict/gnu/exiv2/exiv2-trunk/test/data/preview/eps-nested_xmp_ai-8-lev3-preview1.tif
/home/vict/gnu/boost/boost_1_66_0/tools/build/doc/images/warning.png

……….. lots and lots of lovely output …………….

6) To run in a “clean shell”

6.a) Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH
consider setting this in your ~/.login or ~/.bashrc or ~/.profile so that it’s “always set"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib"
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH="$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:/usr/local/lib"

6.b) Run python3
python3
import pyexiv2
help(pyexiv2)


~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
./b2
===
gcc.compile.c++ bin.v2/libs/wave/build/gcc-gnu-4.8.5/release/link-static/threadapi-pthread/threading-multi/cpplexer/re2clex/cpp_re.o
gcc.archive bin.v2/libs/wave/build/gcc-gnu-4.8.5/release/link-static/threadapi-pthread/threading-multi/libboost_wave.a
common.copy stage/lib/libboost_wave.a
...failed updating 54 targets...
...skipped 6 targets...
...updated 1160 targets...
[vict@localhost boost_1_66_0]$ 
[vict@localhost boost_1_66_0]$ ls -la
total 724

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
redo to include OpenSSL - sqlite3

3.c) Built and install python3.6.4
cd ~/gnu/python3/Python-3.6.4
./configure      ##   ./configure | tee ~/mk7-3c1-c.log
make               ####   make  | tee ~/mk7-3c2-c.log
sudo make install   ##   sudo make install | tee ~/mk7-3c3-c.log

3.d) Create a link to use python3
which python3
which python3.6
sudo ln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/local/bin/python3

\\

Answer 3

是的，这是一个挑战。 我能够在 centOS 和 AWS EC2 Linux2 发行版上“构建”py3exiv2。 然而，我在 MacOS 上还没有成功，但发现在 VirtualBox 上使用共享驱动器安装非常有效。

如果您对运行表进行构建感兴趣，请告诉我，我将对其进行清理并将其张贴在这里。

电阻