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相同的代码运行其他

[英]Same code one runs other not

 原文  2017-05-16 11:56:07  9   1    c#

问题描述

努力寻找相同代码表现不同的原因。 提供的答案确实可以运行，但是当我从解决方案手册中键入相同的代码时，我得到了ArgumentOutOfRangeException 。 我只是看不到我的问题所在。

来自解决方案手册的代码，日期为： 

// Exercise 10.6 Solution: Date.cs
// Date class declaration.
using System;

public class Date
{
   private int month; // 1-12
   private int day; // 1-31 based on month
   private int year; // >0

   private static readonly int[] DAYSPERMONTH = 
      { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };

   // constructor: use property Month to confirm proper value for month; 
   // use property Day to confirm proper value for day
   public Date(int theDay, int theMonth, int theYear )
   {
      Month = theMonth; // validate month
      Year = theYear; // validate year
      Day = theDay; // validate day
      Console.WriteLine( "Date object constructor for date {0}", this );
   } // end Date constructor

   // property that gets and sets the year
   public int Year
   {
      get
      {
         return year;
      } // end get
      private set
      {
         year = CheckYear( value );
      } // end set
   } // end property year

   // property that gets and sets the month
   public int Month
   {
      get
      {
         return month;
      } // end get
      private set // make writing inaccessible outside the class
      {
         month = CheckMonth( value );
      } // end set
   } // end property Month

   // property that gets and sets the day
   public int Day
   {
      get
      {
         return day;
      } // end get
      private set // make writing inaccessible outside the class
      {
         day = CheckDay( value );
      } // end set
   } // end property Day 

   // increment the day and check if doing so will change the month
   public void NextDay()
   {
      if ( !endOfMonth() )
         ++Day;
      else 
      {  
         Day = 1;
         NextMonth();
      }
   } // end method NextDay

   // increment the month and check if doing so will change the year
   public void NextMonth()
   {
      if ( Month < 12 )
         ++Month;
      else
      {
         Month = 1; 
         ++Year;
      }
   } // end method NextMonth

   // return a string of the form month/day/year
   public override string ToString()
   {
      return string.Format($"{Day:D2}/{Month:D2}/{Year}");
   } // end method ToString

   // utility method to confirm proper year value
   private int CheckYear( int testYear )
   {
      if ( testYear > 0 ) // validate year
         return testYear;
      else // year is invalid
         throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
            "year", testYear, "year must greater than 0" );
   } // end method CheckYear

   // utility method to confirm proper month value
   private int CheckMonth( int testMonth )
   {
      if ( testMonth > 0 && testMonth <= 12 ) // validate month
         return testMonth;
      else // month is invalid 
         throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
            "month", testMonth, "month must be 1-12" );
   } // end method CheckMonth

   // utility method to confirm proper day value based on month and year
   private int CheckDay( int testDay )
   {
      // Check if day in range for month
      if ( testDay > 0 && testDay <= DAYSPERMONTH[ Month ] )
         return testDay;

      // Check for leap year
      if ( testDay == 29 && leapYear() )
         return testDay;

      throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(
         "day", testDay, "day out of range for current month/year" );
   } // end method CheckDay

   // check for end of month
   private bool endOfMonth()
   {
      if ( leapYear() && Month == 2 && Day == 29 )
         return true;
      else
         return Day == DAYSPERMONTH[ Month ];
   } // end method endOfMonth

   private bool leapYear()
   {
      return Month == 2 && ( Year % 400 == 0 ||
         ( Year % 4 == 0 && Year % 100 != 0 ) );
   } // end method leapYear
} // end class Date

解决方案手册中类DateTest的代码： 

// Exercise 10.6 Solution: DateTest
// Application tests Date class with year validation,
// NextDay and NextMonth methods.
using System;

public class DateTest
{
   // method Main begins execution of C# application
   public static void Main( string[] args )
   {
      Console.WriteLine( "Checking increment" );
      Date testDate = new Date( 18, 9, 1980 );

      // test incrementing of day, month and year
      for ( int counter = 0; counter < 40; counter++ )
      {
         testDate.NextDay();

         Console.WriteLine( "Incremented Date: {0}",
            testDate.ToString() );
      }
        Console.Read();// end for
   } // end Main
} // end class DateTest

我自己从解决方案手册（课程日期）复制的代码： 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static System.Console;

namespace Ex_10._06
{
    public class Date
    {
        private int day;
        private int month;
        private int year;

        private static readonly int[] DAYSPERMONTH = { 0, 31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31 };

    public Date(int theDay, int theMonth, int theYear)
    {
        Day = theDay;
        Month = theMonth;
        Year = theYear;
        WriteLine($"Date object constructor for date {this}");
    }

    public int Year
    {
        get
        {
            return year;
        }
        private set
        {
            year = CheckYear(value);
        }
    }

    public int Month
    {
        get
        {
            return month;
        }
        private set
        {
            month = CheckMonth(value);
        }
    }

    public int Day
    {
        get
        {
            return day;
        }
        private set
        {
            day = CheckDay(value);
        }
    }

    public void NextDay()
    {
        if (!endOfMonth())
            ++Day;
        else
        {
            Day = 1;
            NextMonth();
        }
    }

    public void NextMonth()
    {
        if (Month < 12)
            ++Month;
        else
        {
            Month = 1;
            ++Year;
        }
    }

    public override string ToString()
    {
        return string.Format("{0}/{1}/{2}", Day, Month, Year);
    }

    private int CheckYear(int testYear)
    {
        if (testYear >= 0)
            return testYear;
        else
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Year", testYear, "Year must be equal or greater than 0");

    }

    private int CheckMonth(int testMonth)
    {
        if (testMonth > 0 && testMonth <= 12)
            return testMonth;
        else
            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Month", testMonth, "Month must be 1-12");

    }

    private int CheckDay(int testDay)
    {
        if (testDay > 0 && testDay <= DAYSPERMONTH[Month])
            return testDay;

        if (testDay == 29 && leapYear())
            return testDay;

        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("Day", testDay, "Day out of range for current month/year");
    }

    private bool endOfMonth()
    {
        if (leapYear() && Month == 2 && Day == 29)
            return true;
        else
            return Day == DAYSPERMONTH[Month];            
    }

    private bool leapYear()
    {
        return Month == 2 && (Year % 400 == 0 || (Year % 4 == 0 && Year % 100 != 0));
    }
}

}

我自己的代码从解决方案手册类DateTest复制： 

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using static System.Console;

namespace Ex_10._06
{
    public class DateTest
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            WriteLine("Checking increment");
            Date d1 = new Date(18, 9, 1979);

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++)
            {
                d1.NextDay();
                WriteLine($"Incremented Date: {d1.ToString()}");
            }            

            Read();
        }
    }
}

诚然，我还在学习。 也许有些事情我忽略了，但是我什至复制了样式的缩进方式，尽管原始代码确实在运行，但它仍然会产生ArgumentOutOfRangeException。 在此先感谢您的时间。

查看图片调用堆栈： 调用堆栈

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 2  2017-05-16 12:22:00

您面临的错误是因为您在构造函数中切换了为其赋予属性值的顺序。 声明新日期时，请先执行CheckDay，这将确定该日期在给定月份中是否有效，但要在指定月份之前完成，因此这是您的例外。

在原始代码中 

Month = theMonth; // validate month
Year = theYear; // validate year
Day = theDay; // validate day

在你的代码中 

Day = theDay;
Month = theMonth;
Year = theYear;

这会导致错误，因为需要在日期之前定义一个月，因为它将使用当前月份作为索引来检查数组。

具体来说，在CheckDay（）中，运行此代码 

if (testDay > 0 && testDay <= DAYSPERMONTH[Month])
    return testDay;

当Month = null计算结果为 

if (testDay > 0 && testDay <= DAYSPERMONTH[null])

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