[英]Xml List Serialization and Node Type Names
我在这里遇到了多个问题和答案,但都没有针对我的情况。
我有一个带有多个扩展类的“实体”类。 我希望序列化能够打入列表,并理解并使用每个项目的类型作为节点名称。
现在,我可以使用注释掉的内容(在主类中定义每个数组项,并通过使用[XmlArrayItem(“ Subclass1”,typeof(subclass1)]]定义其名称,但我想将所有定义保留在其子类中,将有太多的子类来定义主实体类中的所有内容...总有办法实现吗?
我尝试对子类使用[XmlType(TypeName =“ ...”)],依此类推,但没有用。
[Serializable]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass1))]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity{
[XmlArray("CausedBy")]
//[XmlArrayItem("Subclass1", typeof(subclass1))]
//[XmlArrayItem("Sublcass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass2))]
public class Subclass1:Entity{
//Code...
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2:Subclass1{
//Code...
}
创建实体并将Subclass1和Subclass2添加到列表“ CausedBy”类后,序列化上述代码将导致以下结果:
<Entity>
<CausedBy>
<Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass1" />
<Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass2" />
</CausedBy>
<Entity>
我希望输出显示:
<Entity>
<CausedBy>
<SubClass1 .../>
<SubClass2 .../>
</CausedBy>
<Entity>
由于我完全没有读懂开头的问题,因此这里是一个新答案(有点像tl; dr,因此您始终可以跳到结尾并点击链接):
无法使内置的序列化程序类起作用,因为您不希望添加它需要能够运行的属性。 您唯一的选择是自己上课,但是这不需要听起来那么乏味。 几年前,我在虚拟模式下使用DataGridView遇到了类似的问题,并制作了一个通用虚拟化程序,可用于虚拟化要显示的数据。 它使用了一个自定义属性:
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class showColumnAttribute : System.Attribute
{
///<summary>Optional display format for column</summary>
public string Format;
///<summary>Optional Header string for column<para>Defaults to propety name</para></summary>
public string Title;
///<summary>Optional column edit flag - defaults to false</summary>
public bool ReadOnly;
///<summary>Optional column width</summary>
public int Width;
///<summary>
///Marks public properties that are to be displayed in columns
///</summary>
public showColumnAttribute()
{
Format = String.Empty;
Title = String.Empty;
ReadOnly = false;
Width = 0;
}
}
还有一个构造函数:
///<summary>
///Extracts the properties of the supplied type that are to be displayed
///<para>The type must be a class or an InvalidOperationException will be thrown</para>
///</summary>
public Virtualiser(Type t)
{
if (!t.IsClass)
throw new InvalidOperationException("Supplied type is not a class");
List<VirtualColumnInfo> definedColumns = new List<VirtualColumnInfo>();
PropertyInfo[] ps = t.GetProperties();
MethodInfo mg, ms;
for (int i = 0; i < ps.Length; i++)
{
Object[] attr = ps[i].GetCustomAttributes(true);
if (attr.Length > 0)
{
foreach (var a in attr)
{
showColumnAttribute ca = a as showColumnAttribute;
if (ca != null)
{
mg = ps[i].GetGetMethod();
if (mg != null)
{
ms = ps[i].GetSetMethod();
definedColumns.Add
(
new VirtualColumnInfo
(
ps[i].Name, ca.Width, ca.ReadOnly, ca.Title == String.Empty ? ps[i].Name : ca.Title,
ca.Format, mg, ms
)
);
}
break;
}
}
}
}
if (definedColumns.Count > 0)
columns = definedColumns.ToArray();
}
这将提取类的公共属性,并将带有标记的项目作为列以及标题,格式等提供给DataGridView。
所有这些(以及其余缺少的代码)的结果是,只需标记公共属性并为给定类型调用一次虚拟器,就可以在dataGridView中将任何类型虚拟化:
#region Virtualisation
static readonly Virtualiser Virtual = new Virtualiser(typeof(UserRecord));
[XmlIgnore] // just in case!
public static int ColumnCount { get { return Virtual.ColumnCount; } }
public static VirtualColumnInfo ColumnInfo(int column)
{
return Virtual.ColumnInfo(column);
}
public Object GetItem(int column)
{
return Virtual.GetItem(column, this);
}
/*
** The supplied item should be a string - it is up to this method to supply a valid value to the property
** setter (this is the simplest place to determine what this is and how it can be derived from a string).
*/
public void SetItem(int column, Object item)
{
String v = item as String;
int t = 0;
if (v == null)
return;
switch (Virtual.GetColumnPropertyName(column))
{
case "DisplayNumber":
if (!int.TryParse(v, out t))
t = 0;
item = t;
break;
}
try
{
Virtual.SetItem(column, this, item);
}
catch { }
}
#endregion
可以通过创建一些从类数据派生的公共属性来自动指定列数,它们的属性和顺序:
#region Display columns
[showColumn(ReadOnly = true, Width = 100, Title = "Identification")]
public String DisplayIdent
{
get
{
return ident;
}
set
{
ident = value;
}
}
[showColumn(Width = 70, Title = "Number on Roll")]
public int DisplayNumber
{
get
{
return number;
}
set
{
number = value;
}
}
[showColumn(Width = -100, Title = "Name")]
public string DisplayName
{
get
{
return name == String.Empty ? "??" : name;
}
set
{
name = value;
}
}
#endregion
这将虚拟化dataGridView的任何类以显示和编辑数据,并且我多年来使用了很多次,提取属性以显示的正是XML序列化所必需的,实际上,它具有许多相同的特性。
我打算改用这种方法来完成XML序列化的相同工作,但是有人已经在https://www.codeproject.com/script/Articles/ViewDownloads.aspx?aid=474453上做到了,希望您可以使用解决您的问题的方法。
这对我有用:
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Entity entity = new Entity();
entity.CausedBy = new List<Entity>();
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.Save(Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments), "Test.txt"));
}
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity
{
[XmlArray("CausedBy")]
[XmlArrayItem("SubClass1", typeof(Subclass1))]
[XmlArrayItem("SubClass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
public class Subclass1 : Entity
{
[XmlIgnore]
String t = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
public String SubClass1Item { get { return "Test1 " + t; } set { } }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2 : Entity
{
[XmlIgnore]
String t = DateTime.Now.ToString();
public String SubClass2Item { get { return "Test2 " + t; } set { } }
}
它产生:
<Entity xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<CausedBy>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
<SubClass2>
<SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
</SubClass2>
<SubClass2>
<SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
</SubClass2>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
</CausedBy>
</Entity>
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