[英]Xml List Serialization and Node Type Names
我在這里遇到了多個問題和答案,但都沒有針對我的情況。
我有一個帶有多個擴展類的“實體”類。 我希望序列化能夠打入列表,並理解並使用每個項目的類型作為節點名稱。
現在,我可以使用注釋掉的內容(在主類中定義每個數組項,並通過使用[XmlArrayItem(“ Subclass1”,typeof(subclass1)]]定義其名稱,但我想將所有定義保留在其子類中,將有太多的子類來定義主實體類中的所有內容...總有辦法實現嗎?
我嘗試對子類使用[XmlType(TypeName =“ ...”)],依此類推,但沒有用。
[Serializable]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass1))]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity{
[XmlArray("CausedBy")]
//[XmlArrayItem("Subclass1", typeof(subclass1))]
//[XmlArrayItem("Sublcass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
[XmlInclude(typeof(Subclass2))]
public class Subclass1:Entity{
//Code...
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2:Subclass1{
//Code...
}
創建實體並將Subclass1和Subclass2添加到列表“ CausedBy”類后,序列化上述代碼將導致以下結果:
<Entity>
<CausedBy>
<Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass1" />
<Entity ... xsi:type="SubClass2" />
</CausedBy>
<Entity>
我希望輸出顯示:
<Entity>
<CausedBy>
<SubClass1 .../>
<SubClass2 .../>
</CausedBy>
<Entity>
由於我完全沒有讀懂開頭的問題,因此這里是一個新答案(有點像tl; dr,因此您始終可以跳到結尾並點擊鏈接):
無法使內置的序列化程序類起作用,因為您不希望添加它需要能夠運行的屬性。 您唯一的選擇是自己上課,但是這不需要聽起來那么乏味。 幾年前,我在虛擬模式下使用DataGridView遇到了類似的問題,並制作了一個通用虛擬化程序,可用於虛擬化要顯示的數據。 它使用了一個自定義屬性:
[AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property, AllowMultiple = false)]
public sealed class showColumnAttribute : System.Attribute
{
///<summary>Optional display format for column</summary>
public string Format;
///<summary>Optional Header string for column<para>Defaults to propety name</para></summary>
public string Title;
///<summary>Optional column edit flag - defaults to false</summary>
public bool ReadOnly;
///<summary>Optional column width</summary>
public int Width;
///<summary>
///Marks public properties that are to be displayed in columns
///</summary>
public showColumnAttribute()
{
Format = String.Empty;
Title = String.Empty;
ReadOnly = false;
Width = 0;
}
}
還有一個構造函數:
///<summary>
///Extracts the properties of the supplied type that are to be displayed
///<para>The type must be a class or an InvalidOperationException will be thrown</para>
///</summary>
public Virtualiser(Type t)
{
if (!t.IsClass)
throw new InvalidOperationException("Supplied type is not a class");
List<VirtualColumnInfo> definedColumns = new List<VirtualColumnInfo>();
PropertyInfo[] ps = t.GetProperties();
MethodInfo mg, ms;
for (int i = 0; i < ps.Length; i++)
{
Object[] attr = ps[i].GetCustomAttributes(true);
if (attr.Length > 0)
{
foreach (var a in attr)
{
showColumnAttribute ca = a as showColumnAttribute;
if (ca != null)
{
mg = ps[i].GetGetMethod();
if (mg != null)
{
ms = ps[i].GetSetMethod();
definedColumns.Add
(
new VirtualColumnInfo
(
ps[i].Name, ca.Width, ca.ReadOnly, ca.Title == String.Empty ? ps[i].Name : ca.Title,
ca.Format, mg, ms
)
);
}
break;
}
}
}
}
if (definedColumns.Count > 0)
columns = definedColumns.ToArray();
}
這將提取類的公共屬性,並將帶有標記的項目作為列以及標題,格式等提供給DataGridView。
所有這些(以及其余缺少的代碼)的結果是,只需標記公共屬性並為給定類型調用一次虛擬器,就可以在dataGridView中將任何類型虛擬化:
#region Virtualisation
static readonly Virtualiser Virtual = new Virtualiser(typeof(UserRecord));
[XmlIgnore] // just in case!
public static int ColumnCount { get { return Virtual.ColumnCount; } }
public static VirtualColumnInfo ColumnInfo(int column)
{
return Virtual.ColumnInfo(column);
}
public Object GetItem(int column)
{
return Virtual.GetItem(column, this);
}
/*
** The supplied item should be a string - it is up to this method to supply a valid value to the property
** setter (this is the simplest place to determine what this is and how it can be derived from a string).
*/
public void SetItem(int column, Object item)
{
String v = item as String;
int t = 0;
if (v == null)
return;
switch (Virtual.GetColumnPropertyName(column))
{
case "DisplayNumber":
if (!int.TryParse(v, out t))
t = 0;
item = t;
break;
}
try
{
Virtual.SetItem(column, this, item);
}
catch { }
}
#endregion
可以通過創建一些從類數據派生的公共屬性來自動指定列數,它們的屬性和順序:
#region Display columns
[showColumn(ReadOnly = true, Width = 100, Title = "Identification")]
public String DisplayIdent
{
get
{
return ident;
}
set
{
ident = value;
}
}
[showColumn(Width = 70, Title = "Number on Roll")]
public int DisplayNumber
{
get
{
return number;
}
set
{
number = value;
}
}
[showColumn(Width = -100, Title = "Name")]
public string DisplayName
{
get
{
return name == String.Empty ? "??" : name;
}
set
{
name = value;
}
}
#endregion
這將虛擬化dataGridView的任何類以顯示和編輯數據,並且我多年來使用了很多次,提取屬性以顯示的正是XML序列化所必需的,實際上,它具有許多相同的特性。
我打算改用這種方法來完成XML序列化的相同工作,但是有人已經在https://www.codeproject.com/script/Articles/ViewDownloads.aspx?aid=474453上做到了,希望您可以使用解決您的問題的方法。
這對我有用:
public Form1()
{
InitializeComponent();
}
private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
Entity entity = new Entity();
entity.CausedBy = new List<Entity>();
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass2());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.CausedBy.Add(new Subclass1());
entity.Save(Path.Combine(Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.MyDocuments), "Test.txt"));
}
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Entity")]
public class Entity
{
[XmlArray("CausedBy")]
[XmlArrayItem("SubClass1", typeof(Subclass1))]
[XmlArrayItem("SubClass2", typeof(Subclass2))]
public List<Entity> CausedBy { get; set; }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass1")]
public class Subclass1 : Entity
{
[XmlIgnore]
String t = DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString();
public String SubClass1Item { get { return "Test1 " + t; } set { } }
}
[Serializable]
[XmlRoot("Subclass2")]
public class Subclass2 : Entity
{
[XmlIgnore]
String t = DateTime.Now.ToString();
public String SubClass2Item { get { return "Test2 " + t; } set { } }
}
它產生:
<Entity xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<CausedBy>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
<SubClass2>
<SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
</SubClass2>
<SubClass2>
<SubClass2Item>Test2 20/09/2017 01:06:55</SubClass2Item>
</SubClass2>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
<SubClass1>
<SubClass1Item>Test1 20/09/2017</SubClass1Item>
</SubClass1>
</CausedBy>
</Entity>
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