如何在Windows 10上搭建winium Driver服务？

Question

我正在使用以下 class 代码通过 WiniumDriver 启动计算器。 在创建 WiniumDriver 实例之前，我启动了一个 winium 驱动程序服务。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.DesktopOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverService;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CalculatorTest {

    static WiniumDriver driver = null;
    static WiniumDriverService service = null;
    static DesktopOptions options = null;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setupEnvironment(){
        options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        File driverPath = new File("C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true)
                .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        try {
            service.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @BeforeTest
    public void startDriver(){
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void stopDriver(){
        driver.close();
    }

    @AfterClass
    public void tearDown(){
        service.stop();
    }

在运行测试 class 作为 TestNG 项目后，观察到以下异常。

FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest startDriver
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.<init>(WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.java:59)
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver.<init>(WiniumDriver.java:75)
    at com.bravura.automation.CalculatorTest.startDriver(CalculatorTest.java:41)

我仔细检查了 calc.exe 和 Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe 的路径，但仍然无法启动 WiniumDriverService。 还有其他方法可以启动此服务吗？ winium是否支持windows 10？

Answer 1

这里的问题是， 'startDriver'在setupEnvironment方法之前执行，并且变量service和options未初始化。 因此它抛出空指针异常。

因为testNG的执行顺序如下。

@BeforeSuite
@BeforeTest
@BeforeClass
@BeforeMethod
@Test
@AfterMethod
@AfterClass
@AfterTest
@AfterSuite

有三种解决方案。

1. 更改以下方法的注释，如下所示。 这样，启动驱动程序将在安装环境方法之后运行。

     @BeforeMethod public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterMethod public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } 

2. 更改下面给出的注释。

    @BeforeTest public static void setupEnvironment(){ options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options options.setApplicationPath("C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\calc.exe"); File driverPath = new File("C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true) .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService(); try { service.start(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service"); e.printStackTrace(); } } @BeforeClass public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterClass public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ service.stop(); } 

3. 更改下面给出的注释。 我相信，这个将是最佳解决方案。

    @BeforeTest public static void setupEnvironment(){ options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options options.setApplicationPath("C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\calc.exe"); File driverPath = new File("C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true) .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService(); try { service.start(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service"); e.printStackTrace(); } } @BeforeMethod public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterMethod public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ service.stop(); } 

Answer 2

1. 这是正确的使用方法

public class SimpleTest
{
    DesktopOptions options;
    WiniumDriverService service;
    WiniumDriver driver;

    @BeforeTest
    public void bt()
    {
        //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options = new DesktopOptions();
        
        // Path of application you want to run and test
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        
        //Path for Winium Desktop Driver
        File driverPath = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"drivers"+File.separator+"Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        
        //Port is 9999, you can change it
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true).withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        
        try
        {
             service.start();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void at()
    {
        service.stop();
    }
}

2. 如果您需要其他配置，您可以参考此链接。 但是，我不建议您将 Winium 用于 Windows 自动化，即使对于基本的计算器程序，它也无法正常工作，Winium 的最后一个版本是在 2016 年，我认为它现在不会定期维护。 而是使用 WinAppDriver，它是更好的工具并且有很好的文档。 首先参考这个链接