如何在Windows 10上搭建winium Driver服務？

Question

我正在使用以下 class 代碼通過 WiniumDriver 啟動計算器。 在創建 WiniumDriver 實例之前，我啟動了一個 winium 驅動程序服務。

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

import org.openqa.selenium.By;
import org.openqa.selenium.WebElement;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.DesktopOptions;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver;
import org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverService;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;

public class CalculatorTest {

    static WiniumDriver driver = null;
    static WiniumDriverService service = null;
    static DesktopOptions options = null;

    @BeforeClass
    public static void setupEnvironment(){
        options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        File driverPath = new File("C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\Winium\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true)
                .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        try {
            service.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @BeforeTest
    public void startDriver(){
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void stopDriver(){
        driver.close();
    }

    @AfterClass
    public void tearDown(){
        service.stop();
    }

在運行測試 class 作為 TestNG 項目后，觀察到以下異常。

FAILED CONFIGURATION: @BeforeTest startDriver
java.lang.NullPointerException
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.<init>(WiniumDriverCommandExecutor.java:59)
    at org.openqa.selenium.winium.WiniumDriver.<init>(WiniumDriver.java:75)
    at com.bravura.automation.CalculatorTest.startDriver(CalculatorTest.java:41)

我仔細檢查了 calc.exe 和 Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe 的路徑，但仍然無法啟動 WiniumDriverService。 還有其他方法可以啟動此服務嗎？ winium是否支持windows 10？

Answer 1

這里的問題是， 'startDriver'在setupEnvironment方法之前執行，並且變量service和options未初始化。 因此它拋出空指針異常。

因為testNG的執行順序如下。

@BeforeSuite
@BeforeTest
@BeforeClass
@BeforeMethod
@Test
@AfterMethod
@AfterClass
@AfterTest
@AfterSuite

有三種解決方案。

1. 更改以下方法的注釋，如下所示。 這樣，啟動驅動程序將在安裝環境方法之后運行。

     @BeforeMethod public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterMethod public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } 

2. 更改下面給出的注釋。

    @BeforeTest public static void setupEnvironment(){ options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options options.setApplicationPath("C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\calc.exe"); File driverPath = new File("C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true) .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService(); try { service.start(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service"); e.printStackTrace(); } } @BeforeClass public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterClass public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ service.stop(); } 

3. 更改下面給出的注釋。 我相信，這個將是最佳解決方案。

    @BeforeTest public static void setupEnvironment(){ options = new DesktopOptions(); //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options options.setApplicationPath("C:\\\\Windows\\\\System32\\\\calc.exe"); File driverPath = new File("C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); System.setProperty("webdriver.winium.desktop.driver","C:\\\\Winium\\\\Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe"); service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true) .withSilent(false).buildDesktopService(); try { service.start(); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service"); e.printStackTrace(); } } @BeforeMethod public void startDriver(){ driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options); } @AfterMethod public void stopDriver(){ driver.close(); } @AfterTest public void tearDown(){ service.stop(); } 

Answer 2

1. 這是正確的使用方法

public class SimpleTest
{
    DesktopOptions options;
    WiniumDriverService service;
    WiniumDriver driver;

    @BeforeTest
    public void bt()
    {
        //Instantiate Winium Desktop Options
        options = new DesktopOptions();
        
        // Path of application you want to run and test
        options.setApplicationPath("C:\\Windows\\System32\\calc.exe");
        
        //Path for Winium Desktop Driver
        File driverPath = new File(System.getProperty("user.dir")+File.separator+"drivers"+File.separator+"Winium.Desktop.Driver.exe");
        
        //Port is 9999, you can change it
        service = new WiniumDriverService.Builder().usingDriverExecutable(driverPath).usingPort(9999).withVerbose(true).withSilent(false).buildDesktopService();
        
        try
        {
             service.start();
        }
        catch (IOException e)
        {
            System.out.println("Exception while starting WINIUM service");
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        driver = new WiniumDriver(service,options);
    }

    @AfterTest
    public void at()
    {
        service.stop();
    }
}

2. 如果您需要其他配置，您可以參考此鏈接。 但是，我不建議您將 Winium 用於 Windows 自動化，即使對於基本的計算器程序，它也無法正常工作，Winium 的最后一個版本是在 2016 年，我認為它現在不會定期維護。 而是使用 WinAppDriver，它是更好的工具並且有很好的文檔。 首先參考這個鏈接