为什么即使我已经在VPS中设置了公钥，ssh总是要求我提供密码？

Question

我只是在Vultr中订购了VPS，并希望将其设置为不带密码的ssh。 配置完ssh关键的东西之后，我认为应该可以，但是失败了。 是的，我有多个ssh配置，例如github，gitlab或其他一些东西，这是配置文件

Host gitlab
 HostName cd.i.foo.com
 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa
Host github
 HostName github.com
 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_gayhub
Host vultr
 HostName 198.13.59.103
 Port 22
 User root
 IdentityFile ~/.ssh/id_rsa_vultr

但是当我尝试使用指定的路径ssh root@198.13.59.103 -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_vultr ，它可以工作！

以下是使用ssh -v -v root@198.13.59.103更多日志

OpenSSH_7.6p1, LibreSSL 2.6.2
debug1: Reading configuration data /Users/xdguo/.ssh/config
debug1: Reading configuration data /etc/ssh/ssh_config
debug1: /etc/ssh/ssh_config line 48: Applying options for *
debug1: Connecting to 198.13.59.103 port 22.
debug1: Connection established.
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_rsa type 0
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_dsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ecdsa type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ecdsa-cert type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ed25519 type -1
debug1: key_load_public: No such file or directory
debug1: identity file /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ed25519-cert type -1
debug1: Local version string SSH-2.0-OpenSSH_7.6
debug1: Remote protocol version 2.0, remote software version OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2
debug1: match: OpenSSH_7.2p2 Ubuntu-4ubuntu2.2 pat OpenSSH* compat 0x04000000
debug1: Authenticating to 198.13.59.103:22 as 'root'
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT sent
debug1: SSH2_MSG_KEXINIT received
debug1: kex: algorithm: curve25519-sha256@libssh.org
debug1: kex: host key algorithm: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256
debug1: kex: server->client cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: kex: client->server cipher: chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com MAC: <implicit> compression: none
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_KEX_ECDH_REPLY
debug1: Server host key: ecdsa-sha2-nistp256 SHA256:s8qKj8CKXc6tp7zmVV32hiqHvdrxk46JVJQlQfpOQ0Q
debug1: Host '198.13.59.103' is known and matches the ECDSA host key.
debug1: Found key in /Users/xdguo/.ssh/known_hosts:40
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS sent
debug1: expecting SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS
debug1: SSH2_MSG_NEWKEYS received
debug1: rekey after 134217728 blocks
debug1: SSH2_MSG_EXT_INFO received
debug1: kex_input_ext_info: server-sig-algs=<rsa-sha2-256,rsa-sha2-512>
debug1: SSH2_MSG_SERVICE_ACCEPT received
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Next authentication method: publickey
debug1: Offering public key: RSA SHA256:LBGwqZmXcUwd6kqIuDAxIj+jbPBeLbU1uwrxN1mQRKQ /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_rsa
debug1: Authentications that can continue: publickey,password
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ed25519
debug1: Next authentication method: password
root@198.13.59.103's password:

我想我在这里花了很多时间，这确实让我感到困惑，在此先感谢您的帮助

Answer 1

ssh -v -v root@198.13.59.103不起作用，因为它默认为id_rsa 。

您需要测试：

ssh -Tvv vultr

只有那个“ URL”（ vultr ）才等同于ssh root@198.13.59.103 -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa_vultr ：它会在Host vultr条目下的~/.ssh/config找到它所需的所有内容。

Answer 2

看起来不接受RSA签名的密钥。

看一下这些行：

debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_dsa
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ecdsa
debug1: Trying private key: /Users/xdguo/.ssh/id_ed25519

它正在寻找用DSA签名的私钥。

再试一次，创建一个由DSA签名的私有-公共对。 （无需删除其他私钥；您可以在计算机上拥有任意数量的任意想要的不同类型。）