使用 Jinja2 dict 作为 Ansible 模块选项的一部分

Question

我有以下字典：

endpoint:
    esxi_hostname: servername.domain.com

我试图通过 jinja2 将它用作 vmware_guest 的一个选项，但没有成功。 我尝试这样做的原因是因为 dict 是动态的...它可以是 cluster: clustername 或 esxi_hostname: hostname，两者在 vmware_guest 模块中都是互斥的。

这是我将它呈现给模块的方式：

- name: Create VM pysphere
  vmware_guest:
   hostname: "{{ vcenter_hostname }}"
   username: "{{ username }}"
   password: "{{ password }}"
   validate_certs: no
   datacenter: "{{ ansible_host_datacenter }}"
   folder: "/DCC/{{ ansible_host_datacenter }}/vm"
   "{{ endpoint }}"
   name: "{{ guest }}"
   state: present
   guest_id: "{{ osid }}"
   disk: "{{ disks }}"
   networks: "{{ niclist }}"
   hardware:
    memory_mb: "{{ memory_gb|int * 1024 }}"
    num_cpus: "{{ num_cpus|int }}"
    scsi: "{{ scsi }}"
   customvalues: "{{ customvalues }}"
   cdrom:
    type: client
  delegate_to: localhost

这是我在包含任务文件时遇到的错误：

TASK [Preparation : Include VM tasks] *********************************************************************************************************************************************************************************   
fatal: [10.10.10.10]: FAILED! => {"reason": "Syntax Error while loading YAML.


The error appears to have been in '/data01/home/hit/tools/ansible/playbooks/roles/Preparation/tasks/prepareVM.yml': line 36, column 4, but may
be elsewhere in the file depending on the exact syntax problem.

The offending line appears to be:

    "{{ endpoint }}"
   hostname: "{{ vcenter_hostname }}"
   ^ here
We could be wrong, but this one looks like it might be an issue with
missing quotes.  Always quote template expression brackets when they
start a value. For instance:

    with_items:
      - {{ foo }}

Should be written as:

    with_items:
      - "{{ foo }}"

exception type: <class 'yaml.parser.ParserError'>
exception: while parsing a block mapping
  in "<unicode string>", line 33, column 3
did not find expected key
  in "<unicode string>", line 36, column 4"}

所以总而言之，我不确定如何格式化这个或者是否可能。

Answer 1

您永远无法使用您在问题中尝试过的语法，因为首先也是最重要的是 Ansible 需要一个有效的 YAML 文件。

最接近的解决方法是使用YAML 锚点/别名，尽管它仅适用于文字：

# ...

  vars:
    endpoint: &endpoint
      esxi_hostname: servername.domain.com

  tasks:
     - name: Create VM pysphere
       vmware_guest:
         hostname: "{{ vcenter_hostname }}"
         username: "{{ username }}"
         password: "{{ password }}"
         validate_certs: no
         datacenter: "{{ ansible_host_datacenter }}"
         folder: "/DCC/{{ ansible_host_datacenter }}/vm"
         <<: *endpoint
         name: "{{ guest }}"
         state: present
         guest_id: "{{ osid }}"
         disk: "{{ disks }}"
         networks: "{{ niclist }}"
         hardware:
           memory_mb: "{{ memory_gb|int * 1024 }}"
           num_cpus: "{{ num_cpus|int }}"
           scsi: "{{ scsi }}"
         customvalues: "{{ customvalues }}"
         cdrom:
           type: client
       delegate_to: localhost

Answer 2

techraf的帖子总结了您的问题，但对于可能的解决方案，在文档中，特别是关于Jinja 过滤器，有以下几点：

省略参数

从 Ansible 1.8 开始，可以使用默认过滤器使用特殊的 omit 变量来省略模块参数：

 - name: touch files with an optional mode file: dest={{item.path}} state=touch mode={{item.mode|default(omit)}} > with_items: - path: /tmp/foo - path: /tmp/bar - path: /tmp/baz mode: "0444"

对于列表中的前两个文件，默认模式将由系统的 umask 决定，因为 mode= 参数不会发送到文件模块，而最终文件将收到 mode=0444 选项。

所以看起来应该尝试的是：

esxi_hostname: "{{ endpoint.esxi_hostname | default(omit) }}"
# however you want the alternative cluster settings done.
# I dont know this module.
cluster: "{{ cluster | default(omit) }}"

这显然依赖于vars只有一个选择集。