如何使用JPA，Hibernate，Springboot实现复合主键和复合外键

Question

我为此问题进行了大量搜索，但没有找到任何具体解决方案。 我在一个表中有一个复合主键，此复合主键中的一个字段是另一张表的复合主键的一部分。 您可以说该特定字段是第二个表中的外键，但是在表定义中未定义任何排他性外键约束。 在第二个表中，对于第一个表中的每个记录，可能有多个记录。我正在尝试使用SPringBoot-JPA-Hibernate来实现此功能，但无法这样做。 可以帮我一下吗？ 这是detais：-

我有一个带有以下字段的USER_CREDENTIAL表：-

CREATE TABLE `INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL` (
    `INSTITUTION_USER_ID INT(10) NOT NULL,  -> AutoGeneratd
    `INSTITUTION_USER_NAME` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    `INSTITUTION_USER_PASSWORD` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    `FIRST_NAME` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    `MIDDLE_NAME` VARCHAR(100),
    `LAST_NAME` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_NAME`) 
   );

2）这是我的第二张桌子

CREATE TABLE `INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER` (
`INSTITUTION_ID` INT(10) NOT NULL,  -> Autogenerated
`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`  INT(10) NOT NULL, -> Coming from 
                                           INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL
`INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE`  CHAR(02) NOT NULL, 
`INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS` CHAR(02) NOT NULL,
`INSTITUTION_NAME` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
`LAST_UPDT_ID` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`LAST_UPDT_TS` DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`INSTITUTION_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE`)
);

请注意，我没有在第二张表中声明任何特定的外键。 我有两个@Embeddable Class对应于两个不同表的两个主键结构：

对于INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL表：

@Embeddable
public class InstitutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionUserId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
private String institutionUserName;
//Getter-Setters removed for clarity
}

对应实体类：

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL")
public class InstitutionUserCredential {

@EmbeddedId
private InstitutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey 
        institutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_PASSWORD")
private String instituteUserPassword;

@Column(name = "FIRST_NAME")
private String firstname;

@Column(name = "MIDDLE_NAME")
private String middleName;

@Column(name = "LAST_NAME")
private String lastName;

@OneToMany(mappedBy="institutionUserCredential", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private List<InstitutionUserCredentialMaster> 
           institutionUserCredentialMaster;
//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

对于INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER表：

@Embeddable
public class InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey implements Serializable 
{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
private int institutionUserId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE")
private String userRole;

//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

实体类别：-

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER")
 public class InstitutionUserCredentialMaster {

@EmbeddedId
private InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey 
   instituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS")
private String userStatus;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_NAME")
private String institutionName;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_ID")
private String lastUpdateId;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_TS")
private String lastUpdateTimestamp;

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumns({
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserId", referencedColumnName = 
              "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
})
private InstitutionUserCredential institutionUserCredential;

//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

请注意，只有1个字段INSTITUTION_USER_ID在InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的组合主键中使用，并且来自InstitutionUserCredential的组合主键。

当我运行我的代码时，这给了我一个错误：-

Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is 
org.hibernate.AnnotationException: 
referencedColumnNames(INSTITUTION_USER_ID) of com.bnl.application.entity.InstitutionUserCredentialMaster.institutionUserCredential referencing com.bnl.application.entity.InstitutionUserCredential not mapped to a single property

到目前为止，我所看到的涉及“复合主键”和“外键”的示例中没有一个没有处理任何特定字段，而是更多地涉及整个键结构。 我正在使用MYSQL，我检查了是否可以创建具有复合主键的表，并且该复合键中的字段之一是另一个表中的外键，也是第二个表的复合主键的一部分。

任何指针赞赏

更新：-在我的第一篇文章中，我在发布它时犯了一个错误。 抱歉， institutionUserName成为InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的一部分。 这是一个错字。 InstitutionUserCredentialMaster表中不存在intitutionUserName 。 我已经修复并更新了帖子。

*****根据Niver和Wega的输入进行更新*****

更新到InstitutionUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey

@Embeddable

公共类InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey实现了Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
private int institutionUserId;
// Added the institutionUserName
@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
private String institutionUserName;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE")
private String userRole;
}

更新到实体类InsstitutionUserCredentialMaster：-

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER")

公共类InstitutionUserCredentialMaster {

@EmbeddedId
private InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey instituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS")
private String userStatus;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_NAME")
private String institutionName;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_ID")
private String lastUpdateId;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_TS")
private String lastUpdateTimestamp;

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumns({
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserId", referencedColumnName = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID"),
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserName",referencedColumnName = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
})
private InstitutionUserCredential institutionUserCredential;
}

这次我遇到了类似的错误

Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException: Table [institution_user_credential_master] contains physical column name [institution_user_id] referred to by multiple physical column names: [institutionUserId], [INSTITUTION_USER_ID]

Answer 1

我认为问题在于您没有在JoinColumns批注中引用EmbeddedId的另一部分。 您已经定义了institutionUserName也是主键的一部分，因此在实体InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的外键定义中也应提及它。