如何使用JPA，Hibernate，Springboot實現復合主鍵和復合外鍵

Question

我為此問題進行了大量搜索，但沒有找到任何具體解決方案。 我在一個表中有一個復合主鍵，此復合主鍵中的一個字段是另一張表的復合主鍵的一部分。 您可以說該特定字段是第二個表中的外鍵，但是在表定義中未定義任何排他性外鍵約束。 在第二個表中，對於第一個表中的每個記錄，可能有多個記錄。我正在嘗試使用SPringBoot-JPA-Hibernate來實現此功能，但無法這樣做。 可以幫我一下嗎？ 這是detais：-

我有一個帶有以下字段的USER_CREDENTIAL表：-

CREATE TABLE `INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL` (
    `INSTITUTION_USER_ID INT(10) NOT NULL,  -> AutoGeneratd
    `INSTITUTION_USER_NAME` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    `INSTITUTION_USER_PASSWORD` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
    `FIRST_NAME` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    `MIDDLE_NAME` VARCHAR(100),
    `LAST_NAME` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY (`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_NAME`) 
   );

2）這是我的第二張桌子

CREATE TABLE `INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER` (
`INSTITUTION_ID` INT(10) NOT NULL,  -> Autogenerated
`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`  INT(10) NOT NULL, -> Coming from 
                                           INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL
`INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE`  CHAR(02) NOT NULL, 
`INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS` CHAR(02) NOT NULL,
`INSTITUTION_NAME` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL,
`LAST_UPDT_ID` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
`LAST_UPDT_TS` DATETIME NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY(`INSTITUTION_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_ID`,`INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE`)
);

請注意，我沒有在第二張表中聲明任何特定的外鍵。 我有兩個@Embeddable Class對應於兩個不同表的兩個主鍵結構：

對於INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL表：

@Embeddable
public class InstitutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey implements Serializable{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionUserId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
private String institutionUserName;
//Getter-Setters removed for clarity
}

對應實體類：

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL")
public class InstitutionUserCredential {

@EmbeddedId
private InstitutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey 
        institutionUserCredentialPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_PASSWORD")
private String instituteUserPassword;

@Column(name = "FIRST_NAME")
private String firstname;

@Column(name = "MIDDLE_NAME")
private String middleName;

@Column(name = "LAST_NAME")
private String lastName;

@OneToMany(mappedBy="institutionUserCredential", cascade = CascadeType.ALL)
private List<InstitutionUserCredentialMaster> 
           institutionUserCredentialMaster;
//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

對於INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER表：

@Embeddable
public class InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey implements Serializable 
{

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
private int institutionUserId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE")
private String userRole;

//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

實體類別：-

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER")
 public class InstitutionUserCredentialMaster {

@EmbeddedId
private InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey 
   instituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS")
private String userStatus;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_NAME")
private String institutionName;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_ID")
private String lastUpdateId;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_TS")
private String lastUpdateTimestamp;

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumns({
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserId", referencedColumnName = 
              "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
})
private InstitutionUserCredential institutionUserCredential;

//Getter-Setter and other part of the code removed for clarity
}

請注意，只有1個字段INSTITUTION_USER_ID在InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的組合主鍵中使用，並且來自InstitutionUserCredential的組合主鍵。

當我運行我的代碼時，這給了我一個錯誤：-

Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is 
org.hibernate.AnnotationException: 
referencedColumnNames(INSTITUTION_USER_ID) of com.bnl.application.entity.InstitutionUserCredentialMaster.institutionUserCredential referencing com.bnl.application.entity.InstitutionUserCredential not mapped to a single property

到目前為止，我所看到的涉及“復合主鍵”和“外鍵”的示例中沒有一個沒有處理任何特定字段，而是更多地涉及整個鍵結構。 我正在使用MYSQL，我檢查了是否可以創建具有復合主鍵的表，並且該復合鍵中的字段之一是另一個表中的外鍵，也是第二個表的復合主鍵的一部分。

任何指針贊賞

更新：-在我的第一篇文章中，我在發布它時犯了一個錯誤。 抱歉， institutionUserName成為InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的一部分。 這是一個錯字。 InstitutionUserCredentialMaster表中不存在intitutionUserName 。 我已經修復並更新了帖子。

*****根據Niver和Wega的輸入進行更新*****

更新到InstitutionUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey

@Embeddable

公共類InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey實現了Serializable {

private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_ID")
@GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
private int institutionId;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID")
private int institutionUserId;
// Added the institutionUserName
@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
private String institutionUserName;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_ROLE")
private String userRole;
}

更新到實體類InsstitutionUserCredentialMaster：-

@Entity(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_CREDENTIAL_MASTER")

公共類InstitutionUserCredentialMaster {

@EmbeddedId
private InstituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey instituteUserCredentialMasterPrimaryKey;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_USER_STATUS")
private String userStatus;

@Column(name = "INSTITUTION_NAME")
private String institutionName;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_ID")
private String lastUpdateId;

@Column(name = "LAST_UPDT_TS")
private String lastUpdateTimestamp;

@ManyToOne(fetch=FetchType.LAZY)
@JoinColumns({
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserId", referencedColumnName = "INSTITUTION_USER_ID"),
    @JoinColumn(name="institutionUserName",referencedColumnName = "INSTITUTION_USER_NAME")
})
private InstitutionUserCredential institutionUserCredential;
}

這次我遇到了類似的錯誤

Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.DuplicateMappingException: Table [institution_user_credential_master] contains physical column name [institution_user_id] referred to by multiple physical column names: [institutionUserId], [INSTITUTION_USER_ID]

Answer 1

我認為問題在於您沒有在JoinColumns批注中引用EmbeddedId的另一部分。 您已經定義了institutionUserName也是主鍵的一部分，因此在實體InstitutionUserCredentialMaster的外鍵定義中也應提及它。