将多行数据格式化为R中的单行

Question

我是一个奇怪的excel或csv格式的文件，我想将其导入R作为数据框。 问题是某些列有多个记录行，例如，数据如下：有三列和两行，但是工具列有多列，有没有一种方法可以格式化数据，所以我将仅使用多个工具（例如，tool1，tool2等）进行记录

Task             Location  Tools 
Raising ticket   Alabama   sharepoint
                           word
                           oracle
Changing ticket  Seattle   word 
                           oracle

预期最终产量

Task             Location  Tools1   Tools2  Tools3
Raising ticket   Alabama   sharepoint   word    oracle
Changing ticket  Seattle   word         oracle

Answer 1

与dplyr和tidyr 。 您可以fill数据框，以便在每一行中包含“任务”和“位置”。 然后group_by Task并进行mutate以为每个组中的每个任务添加一个id列。 然后使用spread将新创建的id列分布到多个列中。

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
df <- data.frame(Task = c("Raising ticket","","","Changing ticket",""), Location = c("Alabama","","","Seattle",""), Tools = c("sharepoint","word","oracle","word","oracle"))
df[df==""]  <- NA
df %>%
  fill(Task,Location) %>%
  group_by(Task) %>%
  mutate(id = paste0("Tools",row_number())) %>%
  spread(id, Tools)

# A tibble: 2 x 5
# Groups: Task [2]
#  Task            Location Tools1     Tools2 Tools3
#   <fct>           <fct>    <fct>      <fct>  <fct> 
# 1 Changing ticket Seattle  word       oracle <NA>  
# 2 Raising ticket  Alabama  sharepoint word   oracle