[英]Best practice for updating list of dicts in Python
想知道是否存在“最佳实践”方法来更新dicts
list
的项目。
假设我有以下内容,并且想为列表中的每个字典更新key1
data = [
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'},
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'},
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'}
]
我知道我可以在带有range
或enumerate
的for
循环中进行更新
for i, d in enumerate(data):
data[i]['key1'] = 'value4'
我也可以使用list
理解
data = [{'key1': 'value4', 'key2': d['key2'], 'key3': d['key3']} for d in data]
但是,我觉得如果dict
有很多键/值对,这种方法可能会容易出错。
还有其他我忽略的方法吗?
附言:我注意到循环比理解速度要快得多。 这会影响事物吗?
In [12]: %timeit [{'key1': 'value4', 'key2': d['key2'], 'key3': d['key3']} for d in data]
The slowest run took 8.41 times longer than the fastest. This could mean that an intermediate result is being cached.
1000000 loops, best of 3: 1.25 µs per loop
In [14]: %timeit for i, d in enumerate(data): data[i]['key1'] = 'value4'
The slowest run took 5.20 times longer than the fastest. This could mean that an intermediate result is being cached.
1000000 loops, best of 3: 541 ns per loop
列表理解创建新的dict而不是更新现有的dict,因此速度较慢。
update_2()可能更快:
data = [
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'},
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'},
{'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2', 'key3': 'value3'}
]
def update_1():
for i, d in enumerate(data):
data[i]['key1'] = 'value4'
def update_2():
for d in data:
d['key1'] = 'value4'
for _ in range(100000):
update_1()
for _ in range(100000):
update_2()
然后python -m cProfile test.py
ncalls tottime percall cumtime percall filename:lineno(function)
100000 0.039 0.000 0.039 0.000 t.py:12(update_2)
1 0.059 0.059 0.188 0.188 t.py:2(<module>)
100000 0.090 0.000 0.090 0.000 t.py:8(update_1)
1 0.000 0.000 0.188 0.188 {built-in method builtins.exec}
1 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 {method 'disable' of '_lsprof.Profiler' objects}
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