我想在python 3的文本文件中搜索列表元素

Question

我想在文本文件中搜索列表元素。

首先，我在variables.txt文件中搜索了HELP ，并将其存储在列表a ，该列表为['setpoint_code_help;', 'position_code_help;', 'torque_code_help;']现在，我试图从labels.h中的列表a中搜索元素labels.h文件，但无法在labels.h文件中找到该元素。

labels.h包含如下文本：

#define setpoint_code_help                  "Enable or Disable the alarms of Setpoint"
#define position_code_help                  "Enable or Disable the alarms of Position"
#define torque_code_help                    "Enable or Disable the alarms of Torque"

我需要获取这些帮助的定义。 请让我知道您对此的评论。

d=[]

with open('D:\\HelpString\\variables.txt',"r+") as file:
    fileline= file.readlines()

    for x in fileline:
        if x.find('VARIABLE')>0:
            #a.append(x)
            print(x)
        elif x.find('HELP')>0:
            a=x.split()
            d.append(a[1])
            #print(type(c))
    print(d)
with open('D:\\HelpString\\6060E28C0101VAlabels.h', "r+") as file1:
    fileline1= file1.readlines()
    for x in d:       
        if x in fileline1:
             print(x)

Answer 1

您需要在此处嵌套for循环：一个循环遍历要检查的列表项，另一个循环遍历文件的各行。 你可以做类似的事情

with open('D:\\HelpString\\6060E28C0101VAlabels.h', "r+") as file1:
    fileline1= file1.readlines()
    for x in d: # <--- Loop through the list to check      
        for line in fileline1: # <--- Loop through each line
            if x in line:
                 print(x)

Answer 2

据我了解，在读取第一个文件之后，您将得到一个名为d的列表，其中包含一些字符串。

您想要读取第二个文件，并仅过滤d具有某些字符串的行，对吗？

就是这样，问题就变成了从另一个列表（ d ）中筛选出包含某个字符串的字符串列表

可以做：

# second file, after building the "d" list    

def filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter, key_words):
   key_words_s = set(key_words)
   return filter(lambda l: set(l.split()) & key_words_s, lines_to_filter)


with open('D:\\HelpString\\6060E28C0101VAlabels.h', "r+") as file1:
    file1lines = file1.readlines()

filtered_lines = filter_lines_by_keywords(file1lines, d)

运行示例：

d = ['word1', 'word2']
file1lines = ['line1 has some words', 
              'line2 has word1 and other', 
              'line3 has word2 and word1', 
              'line4 had nothing']
res = filter_lines_by_keywords(lines_to_filter = file1lines, 
                              key_words = d)

print(list(res))
>> ['line2 has word1 and other', 'line3 has word2 and word1']