从 dict 和 list 制作 sys.path 的目录树

Question

我正在尝试了解 sys.path。

所以我想制作像这样返回目录树的代码，但我不能。

有人可以告诉我代码吗？

【系统路径】

['C:\\Users\\81802\\PycharmProjects\\PlayGround',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37\\python37.zip',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37\\DLLs',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37\\lib',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\PycharmProjects\\PlayGround\\venv',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\PycharmProjects\\PlayGround\\venv\\lib\\site-packages',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\PycharmProjects\\PlayGround\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\setuptools-39.1.0-py3.7.egg',

 'C:\\Users\\81802\\PycharmProjects\\PlayGround\\venv\\lib\\site-packages\\pip-10.0.1-py3.7.egg']

【目录树(dict)】

{'C:\\Users\\81802\\':
  [{'PycharmProjects\\PlayGround\\': 
      ['',
      {'venv\\': 
           ['',
           {'lib\\site-packages\\': 
                ['',
                'setuptools-39.1.0-py3.7.egg',
                 'pip-10.0.1-py3.7.egg']}]}]},
 {'AppData\\Local\\Programs\\Python\\Python37\\': 
      ['',
      'python37.zip',
      'DLLs',
      'lib']}]}

Answer 1

这将为您提供一个字典，其中每个键都是一个目录，值是文件名或带有子目录的字典的列表。

import os

def get_files_dict(startpath):
  tree = []  # this is the array of subdirectory objects
  for item in os.listdir(startpath):
    # we need to have a full path to the item in the directory
    item_path = os.path.join(startpath, item)
    if os.path.isfile(item_path):
      tree.append(item)
    else:
      # we call this function recursively for subdirectories
      tree.append(get_files_dict(item_path))
  return {os.path.basename(startpath):tree}

file_tree = get_files_dict(os.getcwd())

# this is just a helper function to print the tree nicely
def print_tree(d,i=0):
  for k,v in d.items():
    print("{}{}".format(" "*4*i, k+os.sep))
    for l in v:
      if type(l) is dict:
        print_tree(l,i+1)
      else:
        print("{}{}".format(" "*4*(i+1), l))

print_tree(file_tree)

和打印输出：

runner/
    .bashrc
    .bash_logout
    .profile
    .site-packages/
    main.py
    .config/
        pycodestyle
    _test_runner.py

这是受此SO issue 的启发，但我对实现进行了相当多的更改。

Answer 2

这是我能得到的最简单的。 这个想法是维护一组当前没有发散的路径。

import sys
from pprint import pprint
pprint(sys.path)

sep = '\\'

# check if all paths agree on the current name
def isSameName(paths, index):
    for path in paths:
        if index >= len(path) or path[index] != paths[0][index]:
            return False
    return True

#transform the current set of paths into tree
def toTree(paths, startIndex):
    index = startIndex
    if len(paths) == 1:
        return sep.join(paths[0][index:])
    while isSameName(paths, index):
        index += 1
    nameMap = dict()
    for path in paths:
        name = path[index] if len(path) > index else 0
        if not (name in nameMap):
            nameMap[name] = []
        nameMap[name].append(path)
    res = [toTree(paths, index) for paths in nameMap.values()]
    return { sep.join(paths[0][startIndex:index]) : res}

paths = [path.split(sep) for path in sys.path]
pprint(toTree(paths, 0))