如何在Django Rest框架中的父模型中访问子整个记录

Question

我是Django rest framework的新手。我正在尝试将子模型记录作为字段获取到父模型，以便所有RefreshmentImage模型记录都可以在games_sports列表中找到。我已经发布了示例代码。

model.py

class Refreshment(models.Model):
    title = models.CharField(max_length=200, unique=True)
    type = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    charges = models.DecimalField(max_digits=12, decimal_places=2, help_text="Charges per hour")


class RefreshmentImage(models.Model):
    refreshment = models.ForeignKey(Refreshment, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    image = models.FileField(upload_to="refreshment_image/", null=True, blank=True)

serializers.py

class EntertainmentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
     class Meta:
          model = Refreshment
          fields = '__all__'

  class RefreshmentImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
        refreshment = EntertainmentSerializer(read_only=True, many=True)
        class Meta:
              model = RefreshmentImage
              fields = '__all__'

views.py

def all_games_sports(request):
   entertainment = Refreshment.objects.all()
   serialize = EntertainmentSerializer(instance=entertainment,many=True)
   serial = RefreshmentImageSerializer(instance=entertainment,many=True)
   main = {'status': True, 'code': CODE_SUCCESSFUL, 'msg': SUCCESS, 'games_sports': serialize.data,'image':serial.data}
   return HttpResponse(json.dumps(main), content_type='application/json')

我得到的是这样的：

games_sports": [
    {
        "id": 1,
        "title": "yyy",
        "type": 1,
        "charges": "500.00",
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "title": "xxxxx",
        "type": "something",
        "charges": "501.00",
    }
     *******
    ],
 "image": [
    {
        "id": 1,
        "image": null,
        "date_created": "2019-03-03T08:16:15.538024+05:30"
    },
    **********
  ]

我希望它是：

games_sports": [
{
    "id": 1,
    "title": "yyy",
    "type": 1,
    "charges": "500.00",
    "image": [
             {
             "id": 1,
              "image": image_path,
              "date_created": "2019-03-03T08:16:15.538024+05:30"
          },

}
 ***********
],

Answer 1

试试这个片段

#serializers.py
"""I've re-arranged the order of 'RefreshmentImageSerializer' serializer and 'EntertainmentSerializer' serializer"""
class RefreshmentImageSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = RefreshmentImage
        fields = '__all__'


class EntertainmentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    image = RefreshmentImageSerializer(many=True, source='refreshmentimage_set')

    class Meta:
        model = Refreshment
        fields = '__all__'

# views.py
"""Added DRF stuffs such as 'api_view' and 'Response'"""
from rest_framework.decorators import api_view


@api_view()
def all_games_sports(request):
    entertainment = Refreshment.objects.all()
    serialize = EntertainmentSerializer(instance=entertainment, many=True)
    main = {'status': True, 'code': "CODE_SUCCESSFUL", 'msg': "SUCCESS", 'games_sports': serialize.data}
    return Response(main)

 { "status": true, "code": "CODE_SUCCESSFUL", "msg": "SUCCESS", "games_sports": [ { "id": 1, "image": [ { "id": 1, "image": null, "refreshment": 1 }, { "id": 3, "image": "refreshment_image/jpg-icon.png", "refreshment": 1 } ], "title": "t1", "type": "tt1", "charges": "123.00" }, { "id": 2, "image": [ { "id": 2, "image": "refreshment_image/asd.jpg", "refreshment": 2 } ], "title": "t2", "type": "tt2", "charges": "321.00" }, { "id": 3, "image": [ { "id": 4, "image": "refreshment_image/Screenshot_from_2018-10-26_16-32-41.png", "refreshment": 3 }, { "id": 5, "image": "refreshment_image/twitter.png", "refreshment": 3 } ], "title": "t3", "type": "tt3", "charges": "754.00" } ] } 

我在这里做了什么？

1. 重新排列序列化程序的顺序，以避免未定义的错误
2. 在EntertainmentSerializer类中添加了一个新字段，以显示与Refreshment对象关联的图像
3. 在views.py我添加了DRF的内容，这更适合

参考

1. @api_view()装饰器
2. DRF的Response()类
3. DRF嵌套序列化器
4. source关键字参数

希望这可以帮助！！