SQL Select语句：一个孩子-两个父母（两个不同的FK）

Question

我遇到的情况最好通过以下情况来解释：

• Child记录有两个Parent （母亲和父亲）的地方

如果您以后要阅读此文章，请考虑应用self-referencing tables方案的选项，则没有必要，既没有祖父也没有孙子。

关于父级 ，定义方式：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS parent(
  code varchar(3),
  name varchar(10),
  PRIMARY KEY(code)
)ENGINE=INNODB;

记录如何插入：

INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('001','Mary');
INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('002','Joseph');
INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('003','Adan');
INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('004','Eva');
INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('005','Ana');
INSERT INTO parent(code,name) VALUES('006','Elcana');

select查询的工作方式如何：

mysql> select * from parent;
+------+--------+
| code | name   |
+------+--------+
| 001  | Mary   |
| 002  | Joseph |
| 003  | Adan   |
| 004  | Eva    |
| 005  | Ana    |
| 006  | Elcana |
+------+--------+
6 rows in set (0.01 sec)

关于孩子，它定义了如何：

CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS child(
  code varchar(3),
  name varchar(10),
  PRIMARY KEY(code),
  mother_code varchar(3),
  father_code varchar(3),
  FOREIGN KEY fk_mother_code(mother_code) REFERENCES parent(code),
  FOREIGN KEY fk_father_code(father_code) REFERENCES parent(code)
)ENGINE=INNODB;

观察：从上面观察， Child期望Parent通过两个FK来获得两个 PK （假定必须不同）。

记录如何插入：

INSERT INTO child(code, name, mother_code, father_code) VALUES('001','Jesus', '001', '002');
INSERT INTO child(code, name, mother_code, father_code) VALUES('002','Cain', '003', '004');
INSERT INTO child(code, name, mother_code, father_code) VALUES('003','Abel', '003', '004');
INSERT INTO child(code, name, mother_code, father_code) VALUES('004','Set', '003', '004');
INSERT INTO child(code, name, mother_code, father_code) VALUES('005','Samuel', '005', '006');

select查询的工作方式如何：

mysql> select * from child;
+------+--------+-------------+-------------+
| code | name   | mother_code | father_code |
+------+--------+-------------+-------------+
| 001  | Jesus  | 001         | 002         |
| 002  | Cain   | 003         | 004         |
| 003  | Abel   | 003         | 004         |
| 004  | Set    | 003         | 004         |
| 005  | Samuel | 005         | 006         |
+------+--------+-------------+-------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)

目标是获得以下信息：

+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+
| code | name   | code | name  | mother_code | father_code |
+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+
| 001  | Mary   | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 002  | Joseph | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+

我尝试了以下方法：

SELECT p.*, c.* FROM parent p,
                     child c,
                     (SELECT pm.code AS m_code FROM parent pm) AS m,
                     (SELECT pf.code AS f_code FROM parent pf) AS f
                WHERE
                     m.m_code='001' AND
                     f.f_code='002' AND
                     c.mother_code=m.m_code AND
                     c.father_code=f.f_code AND
                     c.mother_code='001' AND
                     c.father_code='002' AND
                     c.code='001';

where子句看起来很多余，这是因为我试图获得所需的结果，因此它包含尝试编写正确的查询的尝试。

但总是返回：

+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+
| code | name   | code | name  | mother_code | father_code |
+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+
| 001  | Mary   | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 002  | Joseph | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 003  | Adan   | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 004  | Eva    | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 005  | Ana    | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
| 006  | Elcana | 001  | Jesus | 001         | 002         |
+------+--------+------+-------+-------------+-------------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)

那么正确的句子是什么？

Answer 1

您是否正在寻找两个join ？

select c.*, pm.name as mother_name, pf.name as father_name
from child c join
     parent pm
     on c.mother_code = pm.code join
     parent pf
     on c.father_code = pf.code;

您可以添加where子句以将其过滤到特定子项：

where c.code in ('001', '002')

Answer 2

从您的预期结果中，我认为这是您需要的：

select
  p.code, p.name,
  c.code, c.name,
  c.mother_code, c.father_code
from parent p 
inner join child c 
on c.mother_code = p.code or c.father_code = p.code 

您可以使用WHERE子句添加所需的任何条件。
参见演示 。
结果：

| code | name   | code | name   | mother_code | father_code |
| ---- | ------ | ---- | ------ | ----------- | ----------- |
| 001  | Mary   | 001  | Jesus  | 001         | 002         |
| 002  | Joseph | 001  | Jesus  | 001         | 002         |
| 003  | Adan   | 002  | Cain   | 003         | 004         |
| 004  | Eva    | 002  | Cain   | 003         | 004         |
| 003  | Adan   | 003  | Abel   | 003         | 004         |
| 004  | Eva    | 003  | Abel   | 003         | 004         |
| 003  | Adan   | 004  | Set    | 003         | 004         |
| 004  | Eva    | 004  | Set    | 003         | 004         |
| 005  | Ana    | 005  | Samuel | 005         | 006         |
| 006  | Elcana | 005  | Samuel | 005         | 006         |

Answer 3

如果依赖孩子来获得父母，请使用或加入。

SELECT p.Code, p.[Name], c.Code, p.[Name], c.Mother_Code, c.Father_Code
FROM Parent p JOIN Child c ON c.Mother_Code = p.Code OR c.Father_Code = p.Code
WHERE c.name = 'Jesus'

如果依赖关系是查找父母的孩子，则只需更改WHERE语句

SELECT p.Code, p.[Name], c.Code, p.[Name], c.Mother_Code, c.Father_Code
FROM Parent p JOIN Child c ON c.Mother_Code = p.Code OR c.Father_Code = p.Code
WHERE p.name IN ('Mary', 'Joseph')