[英]Add highlight/background to only text using Swift
我只想在未居中对齐的 label 上的文本上突出显示或添加背景。
我已经尝试过属性字符串( https://stackoverflow.com/a/38069772/676822 )并使用正则表达式,但没有找到一个好的解决方案。 NSAttributedString 不起作用,因为我的 label 没有居中并且不包含换行符。 这只是一个需要多行的长文本。
这就是我想要完成的事情:
注意:这不是“传播\n设计\n思考”,而是“传播设计思维”
谢谢!
据我所知,它不可能仅仅使用属性文本来获得你想要的东西,因为使用:
let attributedText = NSMutableAttributedString(string: "Evangelizing Desing Thinking",
attributes: [
.font: UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14),
.backgroundColor: UIColor.gray
]
)
将在每行的末尾添加额外的灰色背景。 我之前的回答也不好,因为它只在每个单词上添加灰色背景,而不是在空格上,而且正如@Alladinian 注意到的那样,在某些情况下范围可能是错误的。
所以这里有一个技巧,你可以用它来实现你想要的。 它使用多个标签,但可以通过将标签放在自定义视图中轻松改进。 因此,在您的viewDidLoad
/ CustomView
function 中添加:
// Maximum desired width for your text
let maxLabelWidth: CGFloat = 80
// Font you used
let font = UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
// Your text
let text = "Eva ngel izing Des ing a Thin king"
// Width of a space character
let spaceWidth = NSString(string: " ").size(withAttributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.font: font]).width
// Width of a row
var currentRowWidth: CGFloat = 0
// Content of a row
var currentRow = ""
// Previous label added (we keep it to add constraint betweeen labels)
var prevLabel: UILabel?
let subStrings = text.split(separator: " ")
for subString in subStrings {
let currentWord = String(subString)
let nsCurrentWord = NSString(string: currentWord)
// Width of the new word
let currentWordWidth = nsCurrentWord.size(withAttributes: [NSAttributedString.Key.font: font]).width
// Width of the row if you add a new word
let currentWidth = currentRow.count == 0 ? currentWordWidth : currentWordWidth + spaceWidth + currentRowWidth
if currentWidth <= maxLabelWidth { // The word can be added in the current row
currentRowWidth = currentWidth
currentRow += currentRow.count == 0 ? currentWord : " " + currentWord
} else { // Its not possible to add a new word in the current row, we create a label with the current row content
prevLabel = generateLabel(with: currentRow,
font: font,
prevLabel: prevLabel)
currentRowWidth = currentWordWidth
currentRow = currentWord
}
}
// Dont forget to add the last row
generateLabel(with: currentRow,
font: font,
prevLabel: prevLabel)
然后你必须创建generateLabel
function:
@discardableResult func generateLabel(with text: String,
font: UIFont,
prevLabel: UILabel?) -> UILabel {
let leftPadding: CGFloat = 50 // Left padding of the label
let topPadding: CGFloat = 100 // Top padding of (first) label
let label = UILabel()
label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
self.view.addSubview(label)
label.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.leftAnchor, constant: leftPadding).isActive = true
if let prevLabel = prevLabel {
label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: prevLabel.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
} else {
label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: self.view.topAnchor, constant: topPadding).isActive = true
}
label.font = font
label.text = text
label.backgroundColor = .gray
return label
}
上一个答案:
正如 Yogesh 建议的那样,您可以使用属性字符串:
// Init label
let label = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 50, y: 50, width: 90, height: 120))
self.view.addSubview(label)
label.lineBreakMode = .byTruncatingTail
label.numberOfLines = 0
label.backgroundColor = .white
// Create attributed text
let text = "Evangelizing Desing Thinking"
let attributedText = NSMutableAttributedString(string: text,
attributes: [
.font: UIFont.systemFont(ofSize: 14)
]
)
// Find ranges of each word
let subStrings = text.split(separator: " ")
let ranges = subStrings.map { (subString) -> Range<String.Index> in
guard let range = text.range(of: subString) else {
fatalError("something wrong with substring") // This case should not happen
}
return range
}
// Apply background color for each word
ranges.forEach { (range) in
let nsRange = NSRange(range, in: text)
attributedText.addAttribute(.backgroundColor, value: UIColor.gray, range: nsRange)
}
// Finally set attributed text
label.attributedText = attributedText
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