从 Python 中的 .docx 文件中的表中提取 Acrobat 文档对象

Question

我有一个带有表格的.docx文件。 有些单元格包含嵌入的 Acrobat 文档对象。

我正在使用python-docx模块从.docx文件中读取和提取数据，但它没有获取那些嵌入的文档（当询问单元格值时它返回一个空字符串）。

由于我认为自己不够好，无法尝试修改模块源代码，因此我考虑从.docx文件本身中提取嵌入式文档（通过[将扩展名更改为.zip ][1]），但 pdf文件似乎是.bin格式。

所以我正在考虑四种可能的解决方案，你们可以帮助我：

1. 获取python-docx模块以识别嵌入的 Acrobat 文档对象。
2. 获取 Python 以将.bin文件转换为 pdf。
3. 也许向我推荐另一个 Python 模块，它可以从.docx文件中提取表格（当然还有它的数据），并且还支持 Acrobat 文档对象。
4. （我不太喜欢的那个）我看过一些 Visual Studio 或宏代码（不确定它是什么，我会在最后粘贴）据说实际上可以很好地提取 pdf 嵌入文件。 问题是我并不真正喜欢 Visual Studio 的东西，所以我需要帮助来从 Python 执行宏（使用简单的语言并且记住我不是 Visual Studio 专家）。

该方法必须使用 Python （或另一种不太复杂的自动化方法）完成，因为此过程必须多次完成，并且完全放弃手动提取。

非常感谢您。

我在网上看到的Visual Studio代码（复制粘贴）：

Sub ExtractEmbeddedDocs()
Dim MyObj As Object
Dim xlApp As Object
Dim xlWkb As Object

Dim myshape As Word.InlineShape
Dim myFormat As Word.WdSaveFormat
Dim WDDoc As Word.Document
'    Dim embedObj As OLEObject

Dim FileExtStr As String
Dim FileFormatNum As Long
Dim StrInFold As String, StrOutFold As String
Dim StrDocFile As String, Obj_App As Object, i As Long
Dim StrFile As String, StrFileList As String, StrMediaFile As String, j As Long
Dim outFileName As String
Dim SBar As Boolean
Dim exten As String
Dim embedCount As Integer, wordCount As Integer, excelCount As Integer, visioCount As Integer, pptCount As Integer
Dim pdfCount As Integer
Dim msg As String, temp As String
Dim ok As Boolean

Dim docs As Variant, doc As Variant    ', temp As Variant
Dim AcroApp As Acrobat.CAcroApp
Dim AcroPDDoc As Acrobat.CAcroPDDoc
Dim AcroAVDoc As Acrobat.CAcroAVDoc
Dim jso As Object


StrInFold = ActiveDocument.Path
If StrInFold = "" Then Exit Sub
' Store current Status Bar status, then switch on
SBar = Application.DisplayStatusBar
Application.DisplayStatusBar = True
StrOutFold = StrInFold & "\Embedded Files"

Application.ScreenUpdating = False

'    On Error GoTo error_handler

'Test for existing output folder, create if they don't already exist
If Dir(StrOutFold, vbDirectory) = "" Then MkDir StrOutFold

embedCount = ActiveDocument.InlineShapes.Count

' This opens the embedded documents, each in their own instance of the program
For Each myshape In ActiveDocument.InlineShapes
If (myshape.Type = wdInlineShapeEmbeddedOLEObject) Then
If (InStr(myshape.OLEFormat.ClassType, "Word") > 0) Then
myshape.OLEFormat.DoVerb (wdOLEVerbOpen) ' Open the first embedded word doc
' Now I want to save it

Set MyObj = GetObject(, "Word.Application")
If MyObj Is Nothing Then
' Word is not running, create new instance
Set MyObj = CreateObject("Word.Application")
End If

Set WDDoc = MyObj.ActiveDocument


' older Word files had " on each end of the IconLabel of the embedded file, resulting in a path name with "" in it
' this was causing an error 4148 when the SaveAs line executed. Go figure :)
temp = Trim(Replace(Replace(myshape.OLEFormat.IconLabel, Chr(34), ""), Chr(34), ""))
If Right(temp, 3) = "doc" Then
myFormat = wdFormatDocument
Else
Select Case Right(temp, 4)
Case "docx"
myFormat = wdFormatXMLDocument
Case "docm"
myFormat = wdFormatXMLDocumentMacroEnabled
Case Else
myFormat = wdFormatDocument
End Select
End If

outFileName = StrOutFold & "\" + temp '
WDDoc.SaveAs2 FileName:=outFileName, FileFormat:=myFormat   'CompatibilityMode:=12    '
WDDoc.Close savechanges:=False 'MyObj.Application.Documents.Item(1)

wordCount = wordCount + 1

Set WDDoc = Nothing
'                MyObj.Quit ' will quit the existing instance of Word, don't do!
Set MyObj = Nothing
End If

If (InStr(myshape.OLEFormat.ClassType, "Visio") > 0) Then
myshape.OLEFormat.DoVerb (wdOLEVerbOpen) ' Open the first embedded Visio file
' Now I want to save it
Set MyObj = GetObject(, "Visio.Application")
If MyObj Is Nothing Then
' Visio is not running, create new instance
Set MyObj = CreateObject("Visio.Application")
End If

'Debug.Print MyObj.Application.Documents.Item(1) ' Prints the filename
' older Word files had " on each end of the IconLabel of the embedded file, resulting in a path name with "" in it
' this was causing an error 4148 when the SaveAs line executed. Go figure :)
temp = Trim(Replace(Replace(myshape.OLEFormat.IconLabel, Chr(34), ""), Chr(34), ""))

outFileName = StrOutFold & "\" + temp '
MyObj.Application.Documents.Item(1).SaveAs FileName:=outFileName
MyObj.Application.Documents.Item(1).Close 'savechanges:=False

visioCount = visioCount + 1
MyObj.Quit
Set MyObj = Nothing
End If

If (InStr(myshape.OLEFormat.ClassType, "Excel") > 0) Then
myshape.OLEFormat.DoVerb (wdOLEVerbOpen) ' Open the first embedded Excel
' Now I want to save it
Set xlApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
If xlApp Is Nothing Then
' Excel is not running, create new instance
Set xlApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
End If
Set xlWkb = xlApp.Workbooks(1)

' older Word files had " on each end of the IconLabel of the embedded file, resulting in a path name with "" in it
' this was causing an error 4148 when the SaveAs line executed. Go figure :)
temp = Trim(Replace(Replace(myshape.OLEFormat.IconLabel, Chr(34), ""), Chr(34), ""))

outFileName = StrOutFold & "\" + temp '

' find file format from extension
With xlApp.ActiveWorkbook
If Val(xlApp.Application.Version) < 12 Then
'You use Excel 97-2003
FileExtStr = ".xls": FileFormatNum = -4143
Else
'You use Excel 2007-2013
Select Case .FileFormat
Case 51: FileExtStr = ".xlsx": FileFormatNum = 51
Case 52:
If .HasVBProject Then
FileExtStr = ".xlsm": FileFormatNum = 52
Else
FileExtStr = ".xlsx": FileFormatNum = 51
End If
Case 56: FileExtStr = ".xls": FileFormatNum = 56
Case Else: FileExtStr = ".xlsb": FileFormatNum = 50
End Select
End If
End With

xlApp.Application.DisplayAlerts = False
xlApp.ActiveWorkbook.SaveAs FileName:=outFileName, FileFormat:=FileFormatNum 'xlWorkbookNormal -4143 xlWorkbookDefault 51
xlApp.ActiveWorkbook.Close savechanges:=False
Set xlWkb = Nothing
xlApp.Quit
Set xlApp = Nothing

excelCount = excelCount + 1
End If

If (InStr(myshape.OLEFormat.ClassType, "PowerPoint") > 0) Then
myshape.OLEFormat.DoVerb (wdOLEVerbOpen) ' Open the first powerpoint file
' Now I want to save it
Set MyObj = GetObject(, "PowerPoint.Application")
If MyObj Is Nothing Then
' Powerpoint is not running, create new instance
Set MyObj = CreateObject("PowerPoint.Application")
End If

' older Word files had " on each end of the IconLabel of the embedded file, resulting in a path name with "" in it
' this was causing an error 4148 when the SaveAs line executed. Go figure :)
temp = Trim(Replace(Replace(myshape.OLEFormat.IconLabel, Chr(34), ""), Chr(34), ""))

outFileName = StrOutFold & "\" + temp '
myshape.OLEFormat.Object.SaveAs FileName:=outFileName
myshape.OLEFormat.Object.Close 'savechanges:=False

pptCount = pptCount + 1
MyObj.Quit
Set MyObj = Nothing
End If

If (InStr(myshape.OLEFormat.ClassType, "Acro") > 0) Then
myshape.OLEFormat.DoVerb (wdOLEVerbOpen) ' Open the first embedded pdf

myshape.OLEFormat.Activate  ' probably not needed

Set AcroAVDoc = CreateObject("AcroExch.AVDoc")

Set AcroApp = CreateObject("AcroExch.App")
'                If AcroApp Is Nothing Then
'                ' Acrobat is not running, create new instance
'                    Set AcroApp = CreateObject("AcroExch.App")
'                End If

Set AcroAVDoc = AcroApp.GetActiveDoc    ' get the logical doc
Set AcroPDDoc = AcroAVDoc.GetPDDoc      ' get the physical doc

'some code I found (KHK) for working with the javascript bridge, not needed here
'                Set jso = AcroPDDoc.GetJSObject     ' get the javascript bridge

'                docs = jso.app.activeDocs       ' get array of active docs
'
'                For Each doc In docs
'                    If doc.documentFileName = AcroPDDoc.GetFileName Then
'                        ' insert template document
'                    End If
'
'                Next

' older Word files had " on each end of the IconLabel of the embedded file, resulting in a path name with "" in it
' this was causing an error 4148 when the SaveAs line executed. Go figure :)
temp = Trim(Replace(Replace(myshape.OLEFormat.IconLabel, Chr(34), ""), Chr(34), ""))

outFileName = StrOutFold & "\" + temp '

If AcroPDDoc.Save(PDSaveFull, outFileName) = False Then
MsgBox "Cannot save document"
End If
AcroAVDoc.Close (1)
AcroPDDoc.Close

pdfCount = pdfCount + 1

AcroApp.Exit
Set AcroApp = Nothing
Set AcroAVDoc = Nothing
Set AcroPDDoc = Nothing
End If

End If
Next myshape

' Clear the Status Bar
Application.StatusBar = False
' Restore original Status Bar status
Application.DisplayStatusBar = SBar
Application.ScreenUpdating = True

temp = "Embedded file counts" & vbCrLf & "Total " & vbTab & vbTab & embedCount & vbCrLf & "Word Files " & vbTab & wordCount & vbCrLf & _
"Excel Files " & vbTab & vbTab & excelCount & vbCrLf & "Visio Files " & vbTab & vbTab & visioCount & vbCrLf & "PowerPoint Files " & vbTab & pptCount & vbCrLf
temp = temp & "PDF Files " & vbTab & vbTab & pdfCount & vbCrLf & "Unknown files" & vbTab & embedCount - (wordCount + excelCount + visioCount)
msg = temp

msg = msg & vbCrLf & vbCrLf & "You should have " & vbTab & (wordCount + excelCount + visioCount + pptCount + pdfCount) & " files"

MsgBox msg, vbInformation + vbOKOnly

Exit Sub

error_handler:

If Err.Number Then
MsgBox Err.Number & "  " & Err.Description, vbCritical + vbOKOnly
End If

If Err.Number = 1004 Then
If Err.Description = "No cells were found." Then
'            GoTo get_filename
ElseIf Err.Description = "You cannot save this workbook with the " & _
"same name as another open workbook or " & _
"add-in. Choose a different name, or " & _
"close the other workbook or add-in " & _
"before saving." Then
MsgBox "There is another file with the same name " & _
"already open.  Please chose a different name " & _
"for this file."
'            GoTo get_filename
End If
End If

Exit Sub

pdfError:
MsgBox "PDF files require Adobe Acrobat (not Reader) to work"
Resume
End Sub

  [1]: https://www.howtogeek.com/50628/easily-extract-images-text-and-embedded-files-from-an-office-2007-document/

Answer 1

如果你还在寻找答案，我发现了一个名为 olefile 的 python 包。 尝试这样的事情：

#%% Pull pdfs from word document

import olefile
from zipfile import ZipFile
from glob import glob

# How many PDF documents have we saved
pdf_count = 0

# Loop through all the .docx files in the current folder
for filename in glob("*.docx"):
  try:
    # Try to open the document as ZIP file
    with ZipFile(filename, "r") as zip:

      # Find files in the word/embeddings folder of the ZIP file
      for entry in zip.infolist():
        if not entry.filename.startswith("word/embeddings/"):
          continue

        # Try to open the embedded OLE file
        with zip.open(entry.filename) as f:
          if not olefile.isOleFile(f):
            continue

          ole = olefile.OleFileIO(f)

          # CLSID for Adobe Acrobat Document
          if ole.root.clsid != "B801CA65-A1FC-11D0-85AD-444553540000":
            continue

          if not ole.exists("CONTENTS"):
            continue

          # Extract the PDF from the OLE file
          pdf_data = ole.openstream('CONTENTS').read()

          # Does the embedded file have a %PDF- header?
          if pdf_data[0:5] == b'%PDF-':
            pdf_count += 1

            pdf_filename = "Document %d.pdf" % pdf_count

            # Save the PDF
            with open(pdf_filename, "wb") as output_file:
              output_file.write(pdf_data)

  except:
    print("Unable to open '%s'" % filename)

print("Extracted %d PDF documents" % pdf_count)