如何在不等待另一个 goroutine 中设置的情况下读取通道？

Question

我在 goroutine 中使用 channel 有问题。

var test = make(chan string)

func main() {
    go initChan()

    for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
        go readChan()
    }

    var input string
    fmt.Scanln(&input)
}

func initChan() {
    for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
        test <- "Iteration num: " + strconv.Itoa(i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second * 5)
    }
}

func readChan() {
    for {
        message := <- test
        log.Println(message)
    }
}

输出：

2019/12/24 08:21:17 Iteration num: 0
2019/12/24 08:21:22 Iteration num: 1
2019/12/24 08:21:27 Iteration num: 2
2019/12/24 08:21:32 Iteration num: 3
2019/12/24 08:21:37 Iteration num: 4
2019/12/24 08:21:42 Iteration num: 5
................................

我需要线程读取而无需等待测试变量的更新。 现在每个 readChan() 都在等待 initChan() 更新测试变量。

是否可以让 readChan() 线程一次性工作而无需为每个线程等待 initChan()？

Answer 1

创建了一个恶魔，它将所有消息从测试通道推送到所有其他监听程序。

var test = make(chan string)

var mapChan = make(map[int]chan string)
var count = 3

func main() {
    go initChan()
    go deamon()
    for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
        mapChan[i] = make(chan string)
        go readChan(i)
    }

    var input string
    fmt.Scanln(&input)
}

func deamon() {
    for {
        message := <-test
        for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
            mapChan[i] <- message
        }
    }
}

func initChan() {
    for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
        test <- "Iteration num: " + strconv.Itoa(i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
    }
}

func readChan(i int) {
    for {
        select {

        case message := <-mapChan[i]:
            log.Println(message)
        default:
            // Do for not when written on channel
        }
    }
}

Answer 2

如果我正确理解您的问题，此解决方案可能会有所帮助。 我使用了一个大小为 1 的缓冲通道，因此作为发送方的 goroutine 永远不会被阻塞，这是在无缓冲通道的情况下。 您可以阅读有关频道的更多信息：频道行为

package main

import (
    "log"
    "strconv"
    "sync"
    "time"
)

// Buffered channel with size 1 guarantees delayed delivery of data
// As soon as the goroutine sends to the channel, the reciever goroutine dequeus it
// Then the reciver goroutines does the work, but the sender goroutine isn't blocked
// As the size is again 0 after the reciever recieved it but might haven't processed it yet
var test = make(chan string, 1)

func main() {
    var wg sync.WaitGroup
    wg.Add(2)
    // Waits for other goroutines to complete before the main goroutine returns
    defer wg.Wait()
    go initChan(&wg)
    go readChan(&wg)
}

func initChan(wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
    defer wg.Done()
    for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
        // Sends continuously
        test <- "Iteration num: " + strconv.Itoa(i)
        time.Sleep(time.Second * 5)
    }
    close(test)
}

func readChan(wg *sync.WaitGroup) {
    defer wg.Done()
    var message string
    var ok bool
    // Reciever deques the value as soon as it recieves it
    // But might take time to proceed
    for {
        select {
        case message, ok = <-test:
            // If channel is closed
            if ok == false {
                return
            }
            log.Println(message)
        default:
            log.Println(message)
        }
    }
}