无法在 NET Core web api 中添加 AddIdentity 服务

Question

我正在使用 NET Core 3.1 + EntityFramework + PSQL。 尝试遵循教程和 msdn，但我的代码不起作用。

这是我的startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {            
        services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
            .AddJwtBearer(options =>
            {                
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                   //params
                };
            });

        services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<MyContext>()               
    }

这是我的MyContext.cs

public class MyContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser> 
{        
    public DbSet<Flowers> Flowers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }

    public MyContext() : base()
    {
        Database.EnsureCreated();
    }

    protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {
        optionsBuilder.UseNpgsql("Host=localhost...");
    }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);          

    }
}

这是我的ApplicationUser.cs

 public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{                
    public string SpecialNumber{ get; set; }

    public ICollection<Flower> Flowers { get; set; }        
}

当我尝试运行应用程序时，出现异常System.AggregateException: '某些服务无法构建'

某些服务无法构建（验证服务描述符时出错：“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String”时， 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1 [System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：尝试激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore”时无法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”类型的服务9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (验证服务描述符时出错“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory 2[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole]'：尝试激活'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim '时无法解析类型'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext'的服务9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（验证时出错服务描述符“ServiceType：Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：无法解析“FlowersApp”类型的服务. Models.MyContext' 同时尝试激活'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（验证服务描述符时出错“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：尝试激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim ”时无法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”类型的服务 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（验证服务描述符时出错“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager 1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager 1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole]”：无法解析服务类型'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' 同时尝试激活 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[系统.Str ing],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime：Scoped ImplementationType： Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft .AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[ System.String]]'：尝试激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String] ],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（验证服务描述符“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IRoleStore”时出错1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity。 IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]”：尝试激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore”时无法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”类型的服务。 RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim`1[System.String]]'。）

找不到这个错误的原因。 我的课程继承正确吗？

当我从Startup.cs 中删除这部分代码时应用程序运行

 services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<MyContext>()  

Answer 1

将此添加到您的ConfigureServices的顶部您需要告诉框架它如何创建MyContext的实例（注入该服务）

 services.AddDbContext<MyContext>(options => /*<<<ADD YOUR DBCONTEXT CONFIGURATION >>>*/);

Answer 2

您忘记在ConfigureServices部分中写下这一行

services.AddDbContext<MyContext>(options =>
        options.UseNpgsql("your connection string"));