無法在 NET Core web api 中添加 AddIdentity 服務

Question

我正在使用 NET Core 3.1 + EntityFramework + PSQL。 嘗試遵循教程和 msdn，但我的代碼不起作用。

這是我的startup.cs

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
    {            
        services.AddAuthentication(JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
            .AddJwtBearer(options =>
            {                
                options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
                {
                   //params
                };
            });

        services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<MyContext>()               
    }

這是我的MyContext.cs

public class MyContext : IdentityDbContext<ApplicationUser> 
{        
    public DbSet<Flowers> Flowers { get; set; }
    public DbSet<Post> Posts { get; set; }

    public MyContext() : base()
    {
        Database.EnsureCreated();
    }

    protected override void OnConfiguring(DbContextOptionsBuilder optionsBuilder)
    {
        optionsBuilder.UseNpgsql("Host=localhost...");
    }

    protected override void OnModelCreating(ModelBuilder modelBuilder)
    {
        base.OnModelCreating(modelBuilder);          

    }
}

這是我的ApplicationUser.cs

 public class ApplicationUser : IdentityUser
{                
    public string SpecialNumber{ get; set; }

    public ICollection<Flower> Flowers { get; set; }        
}

當我嘗試運行應用程序時，出現異常System.AggregateException: '某些服務無法構建'

某些服務無法構建（驗證服務描述符時出錯：“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ISecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SecurityStampValidator 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String”時， 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]': Unable to resolve service for type 'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' while attempting to activate 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1 [System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.ITwoFactorSecurityStampValidator Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.TwoFactorSecurityStampValidator 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：嘗試激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore”時無法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”類型的服務9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (驗證服務描述符時出錯“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserClaimsPrincipalFactory 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserClaimsPrincipalFactory 2[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole]'：嘗試激活'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim '時無法解析類型'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext'的服務9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（驗證時出錯服務描述符“ServiceType：Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.UserManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：無法解析“FlowersApp”類型的服務. Models.MyContext' 同時嘗試激活'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（驗證服務描述符時出錯“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.SignInManager 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser]”：嘗試激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim ”時無法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”類型的服務 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（驗證服務描述符時出錯“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager 1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.RoleManager 1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole]”：無法解析服務類型'FlowersApp.Models.MyContext' 同時嘗試激活 'Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[系統.Str ing],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'.) (Error while validating the service descriptor 'ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IUserStore 1[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser] Lifetime：Scoped ImplementationType： Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft .AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[ System.String]]'：嘗試激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.UserStore 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 9[FlowersApp.Models.ApplicationUser,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserClaim 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserLogin 1[System.String] ],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserToken 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]'。）（驗證服務描述符“ServiceType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IRoleStore”時出錯1[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole] Lifetime: Scoped ImplementationType: Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore.RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity。 IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim 1[System.String]]”：嘗試激活“Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.EntityFrameworkCore”時無法解析“FlowersApp.Models.MyContext”類型的服務。 RoleStore 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 5[Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRole,FlowersApp.Models.MyContext,System.String,Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityUserRole 1[System.String],Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity.IdentityRoleClaim`1[System.String]]'。）

找不到這個錯誤的原因。 我的課程繼承正確嗎？

當我從Startup.cs 中刪除這部分代碼時應用程序運行

 services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, IdentityRole>()
            .AddEntityFrameworkStores<MyContext>()  

Answer 1

將此添加到您的ConfigureServices的頂部您需要告訴框架它如何創建MyContext的實例（注入該服務）

 services.AddDbContext<MyContext>(options => /*<<<ADD YOUR DBCONTEXT CONFIGURATION >>>*/);

Answer 2

您忘記在ConfigureServices部分中寫下這一行

services.AddDbContext<MyContext>(options =>
        options.UseNpgsql("your connection string"));