无法使用 python 脚本从网站上抓取 html 表

Question

我实际上是在尝试抓取此链接中显示的表中的"Name"列并将其保存为 csv 文件。

我写了一个像下面这样的python脚本：

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import requests
import csv


# Step 1: Sending a HTTP request to a URL
url = "https://myaccount.umn.edu/lookup?SET_INSTITUTION=UMNTC&type=name&CN=University+of+Minnesota&campus=a&role=any"
# Make a GET request to fetch the raw HTML content
html_content = requests.get(url).text


# Step 2: Parse the html content
soup = BeautifulSoup(html_content, "lxml")
# print(soup.prettify()) # print the parsed data of html


# Step 3: Analyze the HTML tag, where your content lives
# Create a data dictionary to store the data.
data = {}
#Get the table having the class wikitable
gdp_table = soup.find("table")
gdp_table_data = gdp_table.find_all("th")  # contains 2 rows

# Get all the headings of Lists
headings = []
for td in gdp_table_data[0].find_all("td"):
    # remove any newlines and extra spaces from left and right
    headings.append(td.b.text.replace('\n', ' ').strip())

# Get all the 3 tables contained in "gdp_table"
for table, heading in zip(gdp_table_data[1].find_all("table"), headings):
    # Get headers of table i.e., Rank, Country, GDP.
    t_headers = []
    for th in table.find_all("th"):
        # remove any newlines and extra spaces from left and right
        t_headers.append(th.text.replace('\n', ' ').strip())

    # Get all the rows of table
    table_data = []
    for tr in table.tbody.find_all("tr"): # find all tr's from table's tbody
        t_row = {}
        # Each table row is stored in the form of
        # t_row = {'Rank': '', 'Country/Territory': '', 'GDP(US$million)': ''}

        # find all td's(3) in tr and zip it with t_header
        for td, th in zip(tr.find_all("td"), t_headers): 
            t_row[th] = td.text.replace('\n', '').strip()
        table_data.append(t_row)

    # Put the data for the table with his heading.
    data[heading] = table_data
    print("table_data")

但是当我运行这个脚本时，我什么也没得到。 请在这件事上给予我帮助

Answer 1

似乎您的列表gdp_table_data[0].find_all("td")是空的，因此解释说您没有找到任何东西（您的 for 循环没有做任何事情）。 如果没有更多关于您的策略的背景信息，就很难提供帮助。

顺便说一句，如果您不反对使用外部库，那么使用pandas将使抓取此类网页变得非常容易。 只是让你知道：

>>> import pandas as pd
>>> url = "https://myaccount.umn.edu/lookup?SET_INSTITUTION=UMNTC&type=name&CN=University+of+Minnesota&campus=a&role=any"
>>> df = pd.read_html(url)[0]
>>> print(df)
                                                  Name              Email  Work Phone  Phone          Dept/College
 0      AIESEC at the University of Minnesota (aiesec)     aiesec@umn.edu         NaN    NaN  Student Organization
 1   Ayn Rand Study Group University of Minnesota (...    aynrand@umn.edu         NaN    NaN                   NaN
 2                               Balance UMD (balance)  balance@d.umn.edu         NaN    NaN  Student Organization
 3   Christians on Campus the University of Minneso...     cocumn@umn.edu         NaN    NaN  Student Organization
 4          Climb Club University of Minnesota (climb)      climb@umn.edu         NaN    NaN  Student Organization
 ..                                                ...                ...         ...    ...                   ...
 74   University of Minnesota Tourism Center (tourism)    tourism@umn.edu         NaN    NaN            Department
 75  University of Minnesota Treasury Accounting (t...   treasury@umn.edu         NaN    NaN            Department
 76  University of Minnesota Twin Cities HOSA (umnh...    umnhosa@umn.edu         NaN    NaN  Student Organization
 77           University of Minnesota U Write (uwrite)                NaN         NaN    NaN            Department
 78        University of Minnesota VoiceMail (cs-vcml)    cs-vcml@umn.edu         NaN    NaN  OIT Network & Design

 [79 rows x 5 columns]

现在，只获取名称非常简单：

>>> print(df.Name)
0        AIESEC at the University of Minnesota (aiesec)
1     Ayn Rand Study Group University of Minnesota (...
2                                 Balance UMD (balance)
3     Christians on Campus the University of Minneso...
4            Climb Club University of Minnesota (climb)
                            ...
74     University of Minnesota Tourism Center (tourism)
75    University of Minnesota Treasury Accounting (t...
76    University of Minnesota Twin Cities HOSA (umnh...
77             University of Minnesota U Write (uwrite)
78          University of Minnesota VoiceMail (cs-vcml)
Name: Name, Length: 79, dtype: object

要仅将该列导出到.csv使用：

>>> df[["Name"]].to_csv("./filename.csv")