Python请求卷曲请求

Question

发送示例消息的示例 python 代码。

import requests

url = "dns.com/end"
msg = "test connection"
headers = {"Content-type": "application/json",
            "Authorization": "Basic asdfasdf"}

requests.post(url, json=msg, headers=headers)

现在，我想使用 curl 请求发送完全相同的消息。

curl -X POST --data "test connection" -H '"Content-type": "application/json", "Authorization": "Basic asdfasdf"' dns.com/end

我收到一个错误：“状态”：404，“消息”：“无可用消息”

Answer 1

你有两个问题：

• 您不是在发送 JSON 数据，而是忘记将数据编码为 JSON。 将字符串值test connection编码为 JSON 变为"test connection" ，但引号在您的 shell 中也有意义，因此您需要添加额外的引号或转义符。
• 您不能使用单个-H条目设置多个标头。 使用多个，每个标题集一个。 标题不需要引号，只有 shell 需要引用以防止参数在空格上拆分。

这将是等效的：

curl -X POST \
  --data '"test connection"' \
  -H 'Content-type: application/json' \
  -H 'Authorization: Basic asdfasdf' \
  dns.com/end

使用https://httpbin.org 进行演示：

$ curl -X POST \
>   --data '"test connection"' \
>   -H 'Content-type: application/json' \
>   -H 'Authorization: Basic asdfasdf' \
>   https://httpbin.org/post

{
  "args": {},
  "data": "\"test connection\"",
  "files": {},
  "form": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Authorization": "Basic asdfasdf",
    "Content-Length": "17",
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "curl/7.54.0",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-5e5c399c-201cc8007165873084d4cf38"
  },
  "json": "test connection",
  "origin": "<ip address>",
  "url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}

与 Python 等效项匹配：

>>> import requests
>>> url = 'https://httpbin.org/post'
>>> msg = "test connection"
>>> headers = {"Content-type": "application/json",
...             "Authorization": "Basic asdfasdf"}
>>> response = requests.post(url, json=msg, headers=headers)
>>> print(response.text)
{
  "args": {},
  "data": "\"test connection\"",
  "files": {},
  "form": {},
  "headers": {
    "Accept": "*/*",
    "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate",
    "Authorization": "Basic asdfasdf",
    "Content-Length": "17",
    "Content-Type": "application/json",
    "Host": "httpbin.org",
    "User-Agent": "python-requests/2.22.0",
    "X-Amzn-Trace-Id": "Root=1-5e5c3a25-50c9db19a78512606a42b6ec"
  },
  "json": "test connection",
  "origin": "<ip address>",
  "url": "https://httpbin.org/post"
}