![](/img/trans.png)
[英]How do I scale dates correctly on x-axys when doing time-series graph using ggplot2 in R?
[英]How I can adjust the scale of axis X with breaks as.integer when I graph missing dates in R ggplot2
当我有大量数据绘制缺失日期时,如何将刻度轴 X 调整为整数。
我正在使用的代码是下一个(@Stefan 帮助我):
#SET OF DATA
df <- read.table(text="
Fecha - T - Tmin - Tmax
2015-07-01 - 11,16 - 7,3 - 17
2015-07-02 - 11,49 - 8 - 17,1
2015-07-03 - 11,2 - 8,8 - 15,8
2015-07-04 - 11,20 - 8,6 - 16
2015-07-05 - 11,23 - 8,9 - 15,7
2015-07-06 - 10,40 - 7,7 - 15,4
2015-07-07 - 10,10 - 8,1 - 14,8
2015-07-08 - 10,04 - 7,3 - 15,4
2018-01-01 - 11,08 - 4,9 - 17,8
2018-01-02 - 11,40 - 4,2 - 16,3
2018-01-03 - 9,000 - 5,5 - 13,5
2018-01-04 - 8,584 - 6 - 12,8
2018-01-05 - 8,679 - 7,3 - 11,9
2018-01-06 - 8,75 - 6,8 - 13
2018-01-07 - 9,33 - 6,4 - 15,2
2018-01-08 - 9,63 - 6,3 - 13,9
", header = TRUE, dec = ",")
mmp1 <- df[,!grepl("^X", names(df))]
mmp1$Fecha <- as.Date(mmp1$Fecha)
library(ggplot2)
library(scales)
library(dplyr)
library(tibble)
mmp2 <- mmp1 %>%
mutate(
year_fecha = as.character(lubridate::year(Fecha)),
Fecha2 = format(Fecha, "%d-%m"),
Fecha2 = forcats::fct_reorder(Fecha2, Fecha)) %>%
arrange(Fecha) %>%
rowid_to_column(var = "Fecha3")
# Put the theme code aside
polish <- theme(text = element_text(size=11)) +
theme(axis.text.x=element_text(angle=45, hjust=1))+
theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'white', size = 1.2, linetype = 7))+
theme(text=element_text(family="arial", face="bold", size=12))+
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(face="bold", family = "arial", vjust=1.5, colour="black", hjust = 0.5, size=rel(1.2)))+
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(face="bold", family = "arial", vjust=0.5, colour="black", size=rel(1.2)))+
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(family= "sans",face = "plain", colour="black", size=rel(1.1)))+
theme(axis.text.y = element_text(family= "sans",face = "plain", colour="black", size=rel(1.1)))+
theme(axis.line = element_line(size = 1, colour = "black"))+
theme(legend.title = element_text(colour="black", size=12, face="bold", family = "arial"))+
theme(legend.key = element_rect(fill = "white"))
# Simple and prefered solution: Facet by e.g. by year
w1 <- ggplot(data = mmp2) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha, y = Tmin, colour="Min"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha, y = T, colour="P"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha, y = Tmax, colour="Max"), size=0.71) +
scale_x_date(date_breaks = "1 day", date_labels = "%d-%m", expand = (c(0.001,0.008)))+
scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(-4, 28, 2), limits = c(1,18), expand=c(0,0)) +
scale_colour_manual(name="Leyenda",
values=c(Min="green", P="#56B4E9", Max="Red")) +
ylab("Temperatura (C)")+
xlab("Tiempo") +
guides(colour=guide_legend(order = 2),
shape=guide_legend(order = 2)) +
facet_wrap(~year_fecha, scales = "free_x") +
polish
w1
第一个结果是:
# Hacky solutions with some manual labelling
labs <- select(mmp2, Fecha3, Fecha2) %>%
tibble::deframe()
date_lab <- function(x) {
labs[as.character(x)]
}
# Draw the data as one continuous line
w2 <- ggplot(data = mmp2) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = Tmin, colour="Min"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = T, colour="P"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = Tmax, colour="Max"), size=0.71) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = as.integer(names(labs)), labels = date_lab, expand = (c(0.001,0.008))) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(-4, 28, 2), limits = c(1,18), expand=c(0,0)) +
scale_colour_manual(name="Leyenda",
values=c(Min="green", P="#56B4E9", Max="Red")) +
ylab("Temperatura (C)")+
xlab("Tiempo") +
guides(colour=guide_legend(order = 2),
shape=guide_legend(order = 2)) +
polish
w2
第二个结果是:
使用相同的代码但绘制大量数据我有这个问题:
我如何调整这个 axix X? 谢谢你。
第一个问题是删除数据中的“空白”。 正如我所说,最简单的解决方案是按年份分面。 这将允许您使用日期刻度。
您的第二个问题与标签的过度绘制有关。 当试图绘制单日时,这种过度绘制自然会随着日期出现。 有很多天,比如一年或更长时间,根本不可能标记所有天。 因此,解决方案是限制绘图的天数。 当使用日期刻度时,这可以通过一些辅助函数轻松实现(例如, breaks = breaks_width("1 week")
)。
为了模仿 hacky 解决方案的这种行为,我添加了以下代码:
breaks <- mmp2 %>%
# Plots first, 8th, 15th, ... of day of a month
mutate(days_to_plot = lubridate::day(Fecha) %in% c(1, 8, 15, 22, 29)) %>%
filter(days_to_plot) %>%
pull(Fecha3)
这不是一个完美的解决方案,但它大大减少了要绘制的标签。
所以用你的大数据集试试这个:
library(ggplot2)
library(scales)
library(dplyr)
library(tibble)
library(lubridate)
mmp2 <- mmp1 %>%
mutate(
year_fecha = as.character(lubridate::year(Fecha)),
Fecha2 = format(Fecha, "%d-%m"),
Fecha2 = forcats::fct_reorder(Fecha2, Fecha)) %>%
arrange(Fecha) %>%
rowid_to_column(var = "Fecha3")
# Put the seem code aside
polish <- theme(text = element_text(size=11)) +
theme(axis.text.x=element_text(angle=45, hjust=1))+
theme(plot.title = element_text(hjust = 0.5))+
theme(panel.background = element_rect(fill = 'white', colour = 'white', size = 1.2, linetype = 7))+
theme(text=element_text(family="sans", face="bold", size=12))+
theme(axis.title.y = element_text(face="bold", family = "sans", vjust=1.5, colour="black", hjust = 0.5, size=rel(1.2)))+
theme(axis.title.x = element_text(face="bold", family = "sans", vjust=0.5, colour="black", size=rel(1.2)))+
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(family= "sans",face = "plain", colour="black", size=rel(1.1)))+
theme(axis.text.y = element_text(family= "sans",face = "plain", colour="black", size=rel(1.1)))+
theme(axis.line = element_line(size = 1, colour = "black"))+
theme(legend.title = element_text(colour="black", size=12, face="bold", family = "arial"))+
theme(legend.key = element_rect(fill = "white"))
# Draw the data as one continuous line
# Hacky solutions with some manual labelling
labs <- select(mmp2, Fecha3, Fecha2) %>%
tibble::deframe()
date_lab <- function(x) {
labs[as.character(x)]
}
# Which detas/days should be shown on x-axis
breaks <- mmp2 %>%
# Plots first, 8th, 15th, ... of day of a month
mutate(days_to_plot = day(Fecha) %in% c(1, 8, 15, 22, 29)) %>%
filter(days_to_plot) %>%
pull(Fecha3)
w4 <- ggplot(data = mmp2) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = Tmin, colour="Min"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = T, colour="P"), size=0.71) +
geom_line(mapping = aes(x = Fecha3, y = Tmax, colour="Max"), size=0.71) +
scale_x_continuous(breaks = breaks, labels = date_lab, expand = (c(0.001,0.008))) +
scale_y_continuous(breaks=seq(-4, 28, 2), limits = c(1,18), expand=c(0,0)) +
scale_colour_manual(name="Leyenda",
values=c(Min="green", P="#56B4E9", Max="Red")) +
ylab("Temperatura (C)")+
xlab("Tiempo") +
guides(colour=guide_legend(order = 2),
shape=guide_legend(order = 2)) +
polish
w4
由reprex 包(v0.3.0) 于 2020 年 3 月 29 日创建
如果你仍然有guide_axis
问题,那么增加标签之间的宽度或尝试ggplot 3.3.0中引入的新guide_axis
函数,例如
scale_x_continuous(breaks = breaks, labels = date_lab, expand = (c(0.001,0.008)), guide = guide_axis(n.dodge = 2))
将标签分成两行。
声明:本站的技术帖子网页,遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议,如果您需要转载,请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.