Spring 启动 REST：无法测试 @RequestParam 的验证

Question

我想测试 controller 的 Spring 启动 API 与 ZA2F2ED4F8EBC2CBB4C21A29DC40AB61 结构如下：

Controller：

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/member-management")
@Validated
public class MemberManagementController {

    private final MemberManagementService memberManagementService;

    public MemberManagementController(MemberManagementService memberManagementService) {
        this.memberManagementService = memberManagementService;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/view-member")
    public ResponseEntity<?> viewMember(
            @NotBlank(message = "username must not be blank!!") 
            @Size(max = 20, message = "maximum size of username id is 20!!") 
            @RequestParam("username") String username) {
        ...
    }
...

Controller 建议：

@ControllerAdvice
public class CustomRestExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> handleConstaintViolatoinException(final ConstraintViolationException ex) {
        List<String> details = new ArrayList<>();
        Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = ex.getConstraintViolations();
        for (ConstraintViolation<?> violation : violations) {
            details.add(violation.getMessage());
        }
        ApiErrorResUtil error = new ApiErrorResUtil(String.valueOf(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value()),
                "Request param error", details);
        return new ResponseEntity<>(error, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }
...
}

单元测试：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MemberManagementControllerTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private MemberManagementController memberManagementController;

    @Mock
    private MemberManagementService memberManagementService;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before // Execute before each test method
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(memberManagementController)
                .setControllerAdvice(new CustomRestExceptionHandler()) // add ControllerAdvice to controller test
                .build();
    }

    @Test 
    public void viewMember_usernameSizeExceedsMaximumLimit() throws Exception {
        // Value from client
        String username = "a12345678901234567890"; // 21 characters

        MemberResDtoDataDummy memberResDtoDataDummy = new MemberResDtoDataDummy();

        when(memberManagementService.viewMember(username)).thenReturn(memberResDtoDataDummy.getMember1());

        mockMvc.perform(get("/member-management/view-member").param("username", username))
                .andExpect(status().isBadRequest()).andReturn();
    }

问题：

java.lang.AssertionError: Status expected:<400> but was:<200>
    at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.fail(AssertionErrors.java:59)
    ...

谁能帮我解决这个问题，为什么预期状态是 200 而不是 400，其他输入无效参数的 POST、PUT、PATCH、DELETE 请求方法的测试仍然可以正常工作：(

Answer 1

当您想在不启动服务器的情况下测试您的 UI 层时，您必须将此测试定义为 spring-boot 测试并自动连接MockMvc 。

@SpringBootTest @AutoConfigureMockMvc

此类注释将在没有服务器的情况下加载所有 applicationContext。

如果您只想加载 web 层，只需将此注释放在您的测试 class 上。

@WebMvcTest

使用此注释 Spring Boot 仅实例化 web 层而不是整个上下文。

在这两种情况下，您都必须自动装配MockMvc类型。