Spring 啟動 REST：無法測試 @RequestParam 的驗證

Question

我想測試 controller 的 Spring 啟動 API 與 ZA2F2ED4F8EBC2CBB4C21A29DC40AB61 結構如下：

Controller：

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/member-management")
@Validated
public class MemberManagementController {

    private final MemberManagementService memberManagementService;

    public MemberManagementController(MemberManagementService memberManagementService) {
        this.memberManagementService = memberManagementService;
    }

    @GetMapping(value = "/view-member")
    public ResponseEntity<?> viewMember(
            @NotBlank(message = "username must not be blank!!") 
            @Size(max = 20, message = "maximum size of username id is 20!!") 
            @RequestParam("username") String username) {
        ...
    }
...

Controller 建議：

@ControllerAdvice
public class CustomRestExceptionHandler extends ResponseEntityExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(ConstraintViolationException.class)
    public ResponseEntity<Object> handleConstaintViolatoinException(final ConstraintViolationException ex) {
        List<String> details = new ArrayList<>();
        Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> violations = ex.getConstraintViolations();
        for (ConstraintViolation<?> violation : violations) {
            details.add(violation.getMessage());
        }
        ApiErrorResUtil error = new ApiErrorResUtil(String.valueOf(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST.value()),
                "Request param error", details);
        return new ResponseEntity<>(error, HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }
...
}

單元測試：

@RunWith(MockitoJUnitRunner.class)
public class MemberManagementControllerTest {

    @InjectMocks
    private MemberManagementController memberManagementController;

    @Mock
    private MemberManagementService memberManagementService;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before // Execute before each test method
    public void setup() {
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(memberManagementController)
                .setControllerAdvice(new CustomRestExceptionHandler()) // add ControllerAdvice to controller test
                .build();
    }

    @Test 
    public void viewMember_usernameSizeExceedsMaximumLimit() throws Exception {
        // Value from client
        String username = "a12345678901234567890"; // 21 characters

        MemberResDtoDataDummy memberResDtoDataDummy = new MemberResDtoDataDummy();

        when(memberManagementService.viewMember(username)).thenReturn(memberResDtoDataDummy.getMember1());

        mockMvc.perform(get("/member-management/view-member").param("username", username))
                .andExpect(status().isBadRequest()).andReturn();
    }

問題：

java.lang.AssertionError: Status expected:<400> but was:<200>
    at org.springframework.test.util.AssertionErrors.fail(AssertionErrors.java:59)
    ...

誰能幫我解決這個問題，為什么預期狀態是 200 而不是 400，其他輸入無效參數的 POST、PUT、PATCH、DELETE 請求方法的測試仍然可以正常工作：(

Answer 1

當您想在不啟動服務器的情況下測試您的 UI 層時，您必須將此測試定義為 spring-boot 測試並自動連接MockMvc 。

@SpringBootTest @AutoConfigureMockMvc

此類注釋將在沒有服務器的情況下加載所有 applicationContext。

如果您只想加載 web 層，只需將此注釋放在您的測試 class 上。

@WebMvcTest

使用此注釋 Spring Boot 僅實例化 web 層而不是整個上下文。

在這兩種情況下，您都必須自動裝配MockMvc類型。