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如何实时为 canvas 设置动画

[英]How to animate a canvas in real time

 原文  2020-04-21 05:12:54  3   1    python/ tkinter

问题描述

我想根据每个数字更改十边形的每个区域（段）的填充颜色是列表 L。

目前它仅在末尾显示 canvas 并使用列表 L 中的最后一个数字。

这个想法是每次从列表 L 中读取一个数字时，它都会更新 canvas，填充该区域并将最后填充的区域更改回白色

区域（'zn'）是从 0-5，0 是内侧十边形，1-5 是外侧。 以及格式为 1_2、2_3、3_4、4_5 和 5_1 的区域组合

from tkinter import *
import time

root = Tk()
cWidth = 800
cHeight = 650
canvas = Canvas(root, width=cWidth, height=cHeight)
canvas.pack()

zn1 = canvas.create_polygon(257, 635, 319, 445, 269, 409, 107, 526,outline='blue',fill='white',tag='z1',)
zn12 = canvas.create_polygon(107, 526, 269, 409, 250, 350, 50, 350,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z1_2')
zn2 = canvas.create_polygon(50, 350, 250, 350, 269, 291, 107, 174,outline='purple',fill='white', tag='z2')
zn23 = canvas.create_polygon(107, 174, 269, 291, 319, 255, 257, 65,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z2_3')
zn3 = canvas.create_polygon(257, 65, 443, 65, 381, 255, 319, 255,outline='orange',fill='white', tag='z3')
zn34 = canvas.create_polygon(443, 65, 381, 255, 431, 291, 593, 174,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z3_4')
zn4 = canvas.create_polygon(593, 174, 431, 291, 450, 350, 650, 350,outline='cyan',fill='white', tag='z4')
zn45 = canvas.create_polygon(650, 350, 450, 350, 431, 409, 593, 526,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z4_5')
zn5 = canvas.create_polygon(593, 526, 431, 409, 381, 445, 443, 635,outline='green',fill='white', tag='z5')
zn51 = canvas.create_polygon(443, 635, 381, 445, 319, 445, 257, 635,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z5_1')
zn0 = canvas.create_polygon(381, 255, 319, 255, 269, 291, 250, 350, 269, 409, 319, 445, 381, 445, 431, 409, 450, 350,
                            431, 291,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z0')

L= ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '1_5', '1_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1_5', '5', '1',
        '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1_2', '2', '1_2', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1', '1', '1',
        '0_1', '0', '0_1_2', '1_2', '1', '1_2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2', '2_3',
        '2_3', '0_2_3', '0_2', '0_2', '0_2', '2', '2', '2', '2_3', '3', '2_3', '2', '2_3', '2_3_4', '3_4', '3', '3',
        '3_4', '3_4', '2_3_4', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3',
        '3', '4', '3', '3', '3_4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '3_4', '4', '4', '0_3_4', '3_4', '3', '3', '3', '3', '0', '4',
        '0_4', '4', '4', '5', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4_5', '4_5', '4_5', '4_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '0_5',
        '0_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '1_5', '5', '5', '5', '1',
        '1_5', '0_5', '0', '0', '0', '0_1_5', '0_5', '0_5', '0_1', '0_1', '0', '1', '1_2', '0_2', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1',
        '2', '1_2', '1', '0_1_2', '0_1_2', '0_1_2', '1_3', '3', '0', '0_2', '2', '2', '0', '0_2', '2', '2', '0_3',
        '0_3', '0_3', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '3_4', '0_3_4', '0_3_4', '0', '0', '4', '5', '5', '0', '4_5', '4_5',
        '4_5', '4', '4', '4', '4', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '1']

def resetMap():
    canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn1, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn12, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn2, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn23, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn3, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn34, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn4, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn45, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn5, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn51, fill='white')

def update(tkn):
    if len(tkn) == 1:
        if '0' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='red')
        elif '1' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn1, fill='red')
        elif '2' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn2, fill='red')
        elif '3' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn3, fill='red')
        elif '4' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn4, fill='red')
        elif '5' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn5, fill='red')
    else:
        # run combination
        if '0' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='red')
        elif '1' in tkn and '2' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn12, fill='red')
        elif '2' in tkn and '3' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn23, fill='red')
        elif '3' in tkn and '4' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn34, fill='red')
        elif '4' in tkn and '5' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn45, fill='red')
        elif '5' in tkn and '1' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn51, fill='red')

def task():
    for i in L:
        print(i)
        resetMap()
        tkn = i.split('_')
        update(tkn)
        time.sleep(0.1)

task()

root.mainloop()

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 3 已采纳  2020-04-21 05:44:52

也许您的 function 使用方式不正确。您可以调用.after而不是使用time.sleep() 。并且不要在 function 中使用 for 循环，我会修改您的task() ZC1C125268E68354

from tkinter import *
import time

root = Tk()
cWidth = 800
cHeight = 650
canvas = Canvas(root, width=cWidth, height=cHeight)
canvas.pack()

zn1 = canvas.create_polygon(257, 635, 319, 445, 269, 409, 107, 526,outline='blue',fill='white',tag='z1',)
zn12 = canvas.create_polygon(107, 526, 269, 409, 250, 350, 50, 350,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z1_2')
zn2 = canvas.create_polygon(50, 350, 250, 350, 269, 291, 107, 174,outline='purple',fill='white', tag='z2')
zn23 = canvas.create_polygon(107, 174, 269, 291, 319, 255, 257, 65,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z2_3')
zn3 = canvas.create_polygon(257, 65, 443, 65, 381, 255, 319, 255,outline='orange',fill='white', tag='z3')
zn34 = canvas.create_polygon(443, 65, 381, 255, 431, 291, 593, 174,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z3_4')
zn4 = canvas.create_polygon(593, 174, 431, 291, 450, 350, 650, 350,outline='cyan',fill='white', tag='z4')
zn45 = canvas.create_polygon(650, 350, 450, 350, 431, 409, 593, 526,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z4_5')
zn5 = canvas.create_polygon(593, 526, 431, 409, 381, 445, 443, 635,outline='green',fill='white', tag='z5')
zn51 = canvas.create_polygon(443, 635, 381, 445, 319, 445, 257, 635,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z5_1')
zn0 = canvas.create_polygon(381, 255, 319, 255, 269, 291, 250, 350, 269, 409, 319, 445, 381, 445, 431, 409, 450, 350,
                            431, 291,outline='black',fill='white', tag='z0')

L= ['O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', 'O', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '1_5', '1_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1_5', '5', '1',
        '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1', '1_2', '2', '1_2', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1', '1', '1',
        '0_1', '0', '0_1_2', '1_2', '1', '1_2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '2', '1', '1', '2', '2', '2', '2_3',
        '2_3', '0_2_3', '0_2', '0_2', '0_2', '2', '2', '2', '2_3', '3', '2_3', '2', '2_3', '2_3_4', '3_4', '3', '3',
        '3_4', '3_4', '2_3_4', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3', '3',
        '3', '4', '3', '3', '3_4', '4', '4', '4', '4', '3_4', '4', '4', '0_3_4', '3_4', '3', '3', '3', '3', '0', '4',
        '0_4', '4', '4', '5', '4', '4', '4', '4', '4_5', '4_5', '4_5', '4_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '0_5',
        '0_5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '1_5', '5', '5', '5', '1',
        '1_5', '0_5', '0', '0', '0', '0_1_5', '0_5', '0_5', '0_1', '0_1', '0', '1', '1_2', '0_2', '0_1', '0_1', '0_1',
        '2', '1_2', '1', '0_1_2', '0_1_2', '0_1_2', '1_3', '3', '0', '0_2', '2', '2', '0', '0_2', '2', '2', '0_3',
        '0_3', '0_3', '0', '0', '0', '0', '0', '3_4', '0_3_4', '0_3_4', '0', '0', '4', '5', '5', '0', '4_5', '4_5',
        '4_5', '4', '4', '4', '4', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5', '5',
        '5', '5', '1']

def resetMap():
    canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn1, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn12, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn2, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn23, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn3, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn34, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn4, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn45, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn5, fill='white')
    canvas.itemconfig(zn51, fill='white')

def update(tkn):
    if len(tkn) == 1:
        if '0' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='red')
        elif '1' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn1, fill='red')
        elif '2' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn2, fill='red')
        elif '3' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn3, fill='red')
        elif '4' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn4, fill='red')
        elif '5' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn5, fill='red')
    else:
        # run combination
        if '0' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn0, fill='red')
        elif '1' in tkn and '2' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn12, fill='red')
        elif '2' in tkn and '3' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn23, fill='red')
        elif '3' in tkn and '4' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn34, fill='red')
        elif '4' in tkn and '5' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn45, fill='red')
        elif '5' in tkn and '1' in tkn:
            canvas.itemconfig(zn51, fill='red')

index = 0

def task(i):
    if i == len(L): # check whether the index larger than the length of the list.
        return
    resetMap()
    tkn = L[i].split('_')
    update(tkn)
    root.after(100,task,i+1) # call this function per 0.1 second

root.after(100,task,index) # call after function and pass a index argument
root.mainloop()

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