使用 RESTORE FILELISTONLY 从数据库备份中获取逻辑文件名并将其存储到变量中

Question

我正在使用一个相当简单的 PowerShell 脚本来自动化恢复数据库的过程：

    #Script to restore database.
    $serverInstance = $args[0]
    $dbName = $args[1]
    $file = $args[2]
    $dataDestination = $args[3]
    $logDestination = $args[4]

    Import-Module sqlps

    $relocateData = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile(###LOGICALFILENAME###, $dataDestination)
    $relocateLog = New-Object Microsoft.SqlServer.Management.Smo.RelocateFile(###LOGICALFILENAME###, $logDestination)

    Restore-SqlDatabase -ServerInstance $serverInstance -Database $dbName -BackupFile $file -RelocateFile @($relocateData,$relocateLog)

我正在寻找一种方法来动态获取数据库备份（$file）中包含的文件的逻辑文件名并将它们存储到一个变量中，以便可以相应地重命名。

有人有想法么？ 我一直在努力解决这个问题太久了：:)

谢谢你的帮助！

Answer 1

与 Powershell 和 SQL 服务器一样， 调用-Sqlcmd 是您的朋友。 它返回一个易于导航的 DataTable。 例如

$dt = Invoke-Sqlcmd "restore filelistonly from disk='c:\temp\aw.bak'"

$dataFileLogicalName = ""
$logFileLogicalName = ""
foreach ($r in $dt)
{
  if ($r.Type -eq "L")
  {
    $logFileLogicalName = $r.LogicalName
  }
  if ($r.Type -eq "D")
  {
    $dataFileLogicalName = $r.LogicalName
  }
  write-host "$($r.Type) $($r.LogicalName)  $($r.PhysicalName)"
}

write-host "data=$dataFileLogicalName  log=$logFileLogicalName"

Answer 2

好的，我遇到了类似的错误。 但就我而言，我没有使用 PowerShell，而是在 SSMS 中运行它。

因此，问题的步骤以及解决方法如下。

首先，我从这里的版本下载了 WideWorldImporters-Standard.bak 文件。

现在我在 SSMS 中运行以下命令来尝试恢复它。

RESTORE DATABASE WideWorldImporters FROM DISK = N'C:\Users\msi\Downloads\WideWorldImporters-Standard.bak'

这给出了以下错误。

Msg 5133, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
Directory lookup for the file "D:\Data\WideWorldImporters.mdf" failed with the operating system error 3(The system cannot find the path specified.).
Msg 3156, Level 16, State 3, Line 2
File 'WWI_Primary' cannot be restored to 'D:\Data\WideWorldImporters.mdf'. Use WITH MOVE to identify a valid location for the file.
Msg 5133, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
Directory lookup for the file "D:\Data\WideWorldImporters_UserData.ndf" failed with the operating system error 3(The system cannot find the path specified.).
Msg 3156, Level 16, State 3, Line 2
File 'WWI_UserData' cannot be restored to 'D:\Data\WideWorldImporters_UserData.ndf'. Use WITH MOVE to identify a valid location for the file.
Msg 5133, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
Directory lookup for the file "E:\Log\WideWorldImporters.ldf" failed with the operating system error 3(The system cannot find the path specified.).
Msg 3156, Level 16, State 3, Line 2
File 'WWI_Log' cannot be restored to 'E:\Log\WideWorldImporters.ldf'. Use WITH MOVE to identify a valid location for the file.
Msg 3119, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
Problems were identified while planning for the RESTORE statement. Previous messages provide details.
Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 2
RESTORE DATABASE is terminating abnormally.

所以现在我将命令更改为包含 mdf 和 ldf 文件路径，如下所示。

RESTORE DATABASE WideWorldImporters FROM DISK = N'C:\Users\msi\Downloads\WideWorldImporters-Standard.bak' WITH 
    MOVE 'WideWorldImporters' TO 'C:\Users\msi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\MSSQLLocalDB\WideWorldImporters.mdf'
    , 
    MOVE 'WideWorldImporters_Log' TO 'C:\Users\msi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\MSSQLLocalDB\WideWorldImporters_Log.ldf'

现在这给了我有问题的错误，如下所示。

Msg 3234, Level 16, State 2, Line 5
Logical file 'WideWorldImporters' is not part of database 'WideWorldImporters'. Use RESTORE FILELISTONLY to list the logical file names.
Msg 3013, Level 16, State 1, Line 5
RESTORE DATABASE is terminating abnormally.

现在我按照建议运行 RESTORE FILELISTONLY 命令以获取如下列表。

这向我显示了文件以及路径，如下所示。

LogicalName                                                                                                                      PhysicalName                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Type FileGroupName                                                                                                                    Size                 MaxSize              FileId               CreateLSN                               DropLSN                                 UniqueId                             ReadOnlyLSN                             ReadWriteLSN                            BackupSizeInBytes    SourceBlockSize FileGroupId LogGroupGUID                         DifferentialBaseLSN                     DifferentialBaseGUID                 IsReadOnly IsPresent TDEThumbprint                              SnapshotUrl
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------- -------------------- -------------------- --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ --------------------------------------- --------------------------------------- -------------------- --------------- ----------- ------------------------------------ --------------------------------------- ------------------------------------ ---------- --------- ------------------------------------------ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
WWI_Primary                                                                                                                      D:\Data\WideWorldImporters.mdf                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   D    PRIMARY                                                                                                                          1073741824           35184372080640       1                    0                                       0                                       8D30F4F9-A463-404F-805A-9BD1C634B66B 0                                       0                                       11730944             512             1           NULL                                 623000001720300037                      C6D12B8E-E389-4961-ADD4-FE6E468F4E44 0          1         NULL                                       NULL
WWI_UserData                                                                                                                     D:\Data\WideWorldImporters_UserData.ndf                                                                                                                                                                                                                          D    USERDATA                                                                                                                         2147483648           35184372080640       3                    37000000095200001                       0                                       28D406E0-78FF-4400-9A4B-3A05D136B1F3 0                                       0                                       580124672            512             2           NULL                                 623000001720300037                      C6D12B8E-E389-4961-ADD4-FE6E468F4E44 0          1         NULL                                       NULL
WWI_Log                                                                                                                          E:\Log\WideWorldImporters.ldf                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    L    NULL                                                                                                                             104857600            2199023255552        2                    0                                       0                                       6AC6807E-8774-415B-8EFC-E8C569B0855E 0                                       0                                       0                    512             0           NULL                                 0                                       00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000 0          1         NULL                                       NULL

(3 rows affected)

Completion time: 2022-08-28T15:36:18.5341906+05:30

现在在记下 output 之后，我修改 RESTORE 命令以包含所有必需的文件和路径，如下所示。 这终于奏效了。

RESTORE DATABASE WideWorldImporters FROM DISK = N'C:\Users\msi\Downloads\WideWorldImporters-Standard.bak' WITH 
MOVE 'WWI_Primary' TO 'C:\Users\msi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\MSSQLLocalDB\WideWorldImporters.mdf'
, MOVE 'WWI_Log' TO 'C:\Users\msi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\MSSQLLocalDB\WideWorldImporters_Log.ldf'
, MOVE 'WWI_UserData'  TO 'C:\Users\msi\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\MSSQLLocalDB\WideWorldImporters_UserData.ndf'