当变量指向 Python 中的 object 时，如何打印变量名

Question

我是 python 和一般编码的新手。 在下面的代码中，我如何让“turn”打印“june”或“july”而不是 <turtle.Turtle object at 0x0405D730>

def main():
    wn = turtle.Screen() #Creates a screen
    #Define your turtles here
    june = turtle.Turtle()
    july = turtle.Turtle()
    june.shape('turtle')
    july.shape('turtle')
    june.color('blue')
    july.color('red')
    july.goto(0, 50) #move second turtle to a different starting location

    turtleTurn()
    turn = turtleTurn()
    if turn == 0:
        turn = june
    else:
        turn = july


    while isInScreen(wn, turn) and sameSpot(june, july):
        if turn == june:
            turn = july
        else:
            turn = june

        turtleMove(turn)
        if isInScreen(wn, turn) == False:
            print("and the winning is ", turn)


    wn.exitonclick()

main()

Answer 1

您可以在每个 Turtle 中存储一个名称（在创建它之后）并参考 name 属性来打印它：

june.name = 'june'
july.name = 'july'
...
print("and the winning is ", turn.name)

Answer 2

您可以通过多种方式做到这一点，其中之一是：

my_var = "sss"

my_var_name = [ k for k,v in locals().items() if v == my_var][0]

print("Variable name is :   ", my_var_name)

在这里，我们创建了一个病毒“my_var”，当我们声明一个病毒时，他被保存在本地病毒中，你可以使用“locals().items()”来访问它们，它会返回所有这些。 并且通过 for you 对它们进行迭代，当你找到病毒的 v == 时，你会在“my_var_name”中得到它。

Answer 3

你不能得到变量名本身，至少不容易。 请参阅此处的说明：将变量的名称作为字符串获取——kindall 的回答

相反，您可以比较 object 身份并手动打印其名称：

print("and the winning is", 'july' if turn is july else 'june')

---

尽管物有所值，但最通用的解决方案是使用字典。 请参阅如何创建可变数量的变量？ 例如，从这样的事情开始：

turtles = {month: turtle.Turtle() for month in ['june', 'july']}

Answer 4

您只需要使用来自python-varname的值包装器来包装june和july月：

from varname import Wrapper

def main():
    wn = turtle.Screen() #Creates a screen
    #Define your turtles here
    june = Wrapper(turtle.Turtle()) # <- then, use june.value to access turtle 
    july = Wrapper(turtle.Turtle()) # <- and june/july.name to access the name
    june.value.shape('turtle')
    july.value.shape('turtle')
    june.value.color('blue')
    july.value.color('red')
    july.value.goto(0, 50) #move second turtle to a different starting location

    turtleTurn()
    turn = turtleTurn()
    if turn == 0:
        turn = june
    else:
        turn = july


    while isInScreen(wn, turn.value) and sameSpot(june.value, july.value):
        if turn.value == june.value:
            turn = july
        else:
            turn = june

        turtleMove(turn.value)
        if isInScreen(wn, turn.value) == False:
            print("and the winning is ", turn.name)


    wn.exitonclick()

main()

package 托管在https://github.com/pwwang/python-varname上。

我是 package 的作者。 如果您对使用它有任何疑问，请告诉我。