gunicorn 无法启动 flask 服务器：ModuleNotFoundError：没有名为“请求”的模块

Question

Flask 服务器运行良好，但使用 gunicorn 运行时，显示以下错误：

[2020-07-08 14:58:33 +0000] [27561] [INFO] Starting gunicorn 20.0.4
[2020-07-08 14:58:33 +0000] [27561] [INFO] Listening at: http://172.20.31.202:5000 (27561)
[2020-07-08 14:58:33 +0000] [27561] [INFO] Using worker: sync
[2020-07-08 14:58:33 +0000] [27564] [INFO] Booting worker with pid: 27564
[2020-07-08 14:58:34 +0000] [27564] [ERROR] Exception in worker process
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/gunicorn/arbiter.py", line 583, in spawn_worker
    worker.init_process()
...
...
  File "/root/customer-account-automation/wsgi.py", line 7, in <module>
    from app import app as application
  File "/root/customer-account-automation/app.py", line 6, in <module>
    import requests
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named 'requests'
[2020-07-08 14:58:34 +0000] [27564] [INFO] Worker exiting (pid: 27564)
[2020-07-08 14:58:34 +0000] [27561] [INFO] Shutting down: Master
[2020-07-08 14:58:34 +0000] [27561] [INFO] Reason: Worker failed to boot.

我不怀疑 package 安装，因为它已经与flask run一起使用。

这是wsgi.py代码

#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
import logging
logging.basicConfig(stream=sys.stderr)

from app import app as application
if __name == "__main__":
    application.run()

pipenv site-packages 目录包含requests和gunicorn ，如下所示：

(customer-account-automation) root@jsd-user-management:~/customer-account-automation# ll /root/.local/share/virtualenvs/customer-account-automation-gLS21FFx/lib/python3.7/site-packages/
...
drwxr-xr-x  7 root root   4096 Jul  8 15:14 gunicorn/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jul  8 15:14 gunicorn-20.0.4.dist-info/
drwxr-xr-x  3 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests-2.24.0.dist-info/
drwxr-xr-x  4 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests_oauthlib/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests_oauthlib-1.3.0.dist-info/
drwxr-xr-x 10 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests_toolbelt/
drwxr-xr-x  2 root root   4096 Jul  8 14:39 requests_toolbelt-0.9.1.dist-info/
...

gunicorn 无法导入请求但flask run成功的原因是什么？ 它可能与pipenv有关吗？

Answer 1

看起来错误来自工作进程。 这些可能会在 python 中打开子进程，并且可能会在您的系统上调用错误版本的 python - 一个没有安装请求的版本。

gunicorn 的配置允许您在运行时指定添加到 python 路径。

class PythonPath(Setting):
    name = "pythonpath"
    section = "Server Mechanics"
    cli = ["--pythonpath"]
    meta = "STRING"
    validator = validate_string
    default = None
    desc = """\
        A comma-separated list of directories to add to the Python path.
        e.g.
        ``'/home/djangoprojects/myproject,/home/python/mylibrary'``.
        """

您可以在运行 gunicorn 时尝试添加 requests 模块的位置。 您可以通过运行pip show requests找到请求的位置。

> pip show requests
Name: requests
Version: 2.23.0
...
Location: /root/.local/share/virtualenvs/customer-account-automation-gLS21FFx/lib/python3.7/site-packages/

然后 append 的位置到您用于 gunicorn 的任何命令：

gunicorn --pythonpath /root/.local/share/virtualenvs/customer-account-automation-gLS21FFx/lib/python3.7/site-packages/