弃用警告：在 Windows 10 系统上通过 Selenium 使用 ChromeDriver 和 Chrome 使用选项而不是 chrome_options 错误

Question

试图在我的 windows 10 机器上运行此代码https://github.com/KalleHallden/reddit_automations/blame/master/movie-tickets.py

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys
from decouple import config
import time

# the way to locate the button or thing you want on a website in chrome is
# by pressing cmd + shift + c and then you can use your mouse to find the 
# info on the element that you want and you can copy the full xpath.

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
# options.add_argument('--ignore-certificate-errors')
# options.add_argument('--incognito')
# options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Chrome("/Users/kalle/Downloads/chromedriver83", chrome_options=options)
driver.get(config('THEATRE_SITE'))
# for some odd reason you need to reload the site for it to load.
# possibly a bug of the theatre site
driver.get(config('THEATRE_SITE'))
time.sleep(3)
# select city
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div[1]/div/div[2]/ul/li[1]/label/input')
button.click()

# save city
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/div[3]/div/div/div[2]/span/button')
button.click()
time.sleep(2)

# proceed to tickets tab
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/nav/div[2]/div[2]/div[1]/ul[1]/li[1]/a')
button.click()
time.sleep(2)

# select the movie you want (should be more specific than just selecting the first one but whateva)
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div[2]/div/div[2]/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li[1]/ul/li/div/div[1]/div/span[2]/a')
button.click()
time.sleep(1)

# select the time you want to go
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[4]/section/div/div[2]/div[2]/ul/li/ul/li[1]/div/span/span[3]/span[2]/span')
button.click()
time.sleep(1)

# choose amount of people
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[2]/div/div/div/div/section/div/div[2]/div/button')
button.click()
time.sleep(2)

# choose seats
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[2]/section/div[3]/div[2]/button')
button.click()
time.sleep(2)

# pay
button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[1]/div/div/div/div[2]/section/div[4]/div/div[2]/button/span')
button.click()

我安装了所有正确的程序：

• 运行 python 3.8
• 安装了 chrome webdriver
• 运行版本 84 稳定版 chrome web 浏览器

当我运行程序时，它会打开 chrome，但是我得到一个空白的 web 页面，上面什么都没有，只有一些文字显示“数据：”。 仅此而已。

这是我在 VS 代码中遇到的错误：

:\Users\user>python c:/chromedriver_win32/movie-tickets1.py
c:/chromedriver_win32/movie-tickets1.py:15: DeprecationWarning: use options instead of chrome_options
  driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe', chrome_options=options)

DevTools listening on ws://127.0.0.1:29442/devtools/browser/872d4312-b51d-4a38-bc1b-3b80495950
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:/chromedriver_win32/movie-tickets1.py", line 17, in <module>
    driver.get(config("https://www.google.co.uk"))
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\decouple.py", line 199, in __call__
    return self.config(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\decouple.py", line 83, in __call__
    return self.get(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\user\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.8_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python38\site-packages\decouple.py", line 68, in get
    raise UndefinedValueError('{} not found. Declare it as envvar or define a default value.'.format(option))
decouple.UndefinedValueError: https://www.google.co.uk not found. Declare it as envvar or define a default value.

任何帮助将不胜感激，我不确定为什么解耦不起作用。

Answer 1

此错误消息...

DeprecationWarning: use options instead of chrome_options

...意味着在您的程序中，您已使用chrome_options来启动Selenium驱动的ChromeDriver启动的 google-chrome Browsing Context 。

chrome_options现在已弃用，您必须改用options ，并将ChromeDriver的绝对路径与扩展名一起传递。

---

解决方案

当您在windows-10系统上触发测试时，您的代码行将是：

options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r'C:\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe', options=options)

Answer 2

没关系！

from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options

chrome_options = Options()
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')
browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)

Answer 3

不，如果您像这样覆盖它，错误将仍然存在

browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=chrome_options)

会是对的

browser = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

Answer 4

***以下代码示例来自 2022 年，使用 Web 驱动程序管理器（ https://pypi.org/project/webdriver-manager/ ）

#Imports for Web Driver, Service, Web Driver Manager

   from selenium import webdriver
   from selenium.webdriver.chrome.service import Service as ChromeService
   from webdriver_manager.chrome import ChromeDriverManager

#options reference to Chrome Options

   options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
   options.add_argument("--start-maximized")

#Pass options to the WebDriver with ChromeDriverManager

     driver = webdriver.Chrome(service=ChromeService(ChromeDriverManager().install()), options=options)