Python 正则表达式 - 替换 IP 地址

Question

我是 python 和正则表达式的新手，我一直试图在 txt 文件中隐藏 IP 地址日志。 我应该避免使用 for 循环和 if 检查 - 如果可能，因为 txt 文件很大（158MB）。

（所有 IP 地址均以 172 开头）

这是我试过的代码：

import re
txt = "test"
x = re.sub(r"^172\.*", "XXX.\", txt)
print(x)

示例 txt 文件：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRST172.12.65.10RSTUVYZ
ASDG172.56.23.14FSDGHSFSDFDSFHSF
!'^%%&!'+!'+^%&!ÂSDBSDF172.23.23.23SADASFSA
ASGFGD 172.12.23.56 ASDSAFASFDASSADSA

所需的 output：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTXXX.XXX.XXX.XXXRSTUVYZ
ASDGXXX.XX.XX.XXFSDGHSFSDFDSFHSF
!'^%%&!'+!'+^%&!ÂSDBSDFXXX.XXX.XXX.XXXSADASFSA
ASGFGD XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX ASDSAFASFDASSADSA

Answer 1

您确实应该使用re.sub 。

re.sub("(172)(\.(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){2}[0-9]{1,3})", r"XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX", tested_addr)

关于正则表达式的解释（您实际上并不需要这些组来满足您的要求，但它是理解正则表达式部分的好方法：

^(172)(\.(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){2}[0-9]{1,3})$

^ asserts position at start of a line
1st Capturing Group (172)
172 matches the characters 172 literally (case sensitive)
2nd Capturing Group (\.(?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){2}[0-9]{1,3})
\. matches the character . literally (case sensitive)
Non-capturing group (?:[0-9]{1,3}\.){2}
{2} Quantifier — Matches exactly 2 times
Match a single character present in the list below [0-9]{1,3}
{1,3} Quantifier — Matches between 1 and 3 times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)
0-9 a single character in the range between 0 (index 48) and 9 (index 57) (case sensitive)
\. matches the character . literally (case sensitive)
Match a single character present in the list below [0-9]{1,3}
{1,3} Quantifier — Matches between 1 and 3 times, as many times as possible, giving back as needed (greedy)
0-9 a single character in the range between 0 (index 48) and 9 (index 57) (case sensitive)
$ asserts position at the end of a line

Answer 2

使用： 172(?:\.\d{1,3}){3}

代码：

string = r'''ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRST172.12.65.10RSTUVYZ
ASDG172.56.23.14FSDGHSFSDFDSFHSF
!'^%%&!'+!'+^%&!SDBSDF172.23.23.23SADASFSA
ASGFGD 172.12.23.56 ASDSAFASFDASSADSA'''

print re.sub(r'172(?:\.\d{1,3}){3}', "XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX", string)

Output：

ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPRSTXXX.XXX.XXX.XXXRSTUVYZ
ASDGXXX.XXX.XXX.XXXFSDGHSFSDFDSFHSF
!'^%%&!'+!'+^%&!SDBSDFXXX.XXX.XXX.XXXSADASFSA
ASGFGD XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX ASDSAFASFDASSADSA

演示和解释