如何从 Try/Catch 块中仅获取一行错误描述？

Question

当字符串数组中的目标 URL 无法访问或有其他问题时，我试图仅在以下代码中获取错误消息的单行描述。

Clear-Host
$serverName = 'bong.com', 'bing.com', 'hotel.com', 'hotels.com'
$statusCodesAllowed = (200, 302, 401) #Update this array to include the HTTP status codes that you want to mark as OK.$stat = 0

Foreach ($URL in $serverName) {
    Try {
        $web = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://$url -Method Head -UseDefaultCredentials -UseBasicParsing -ErrorAction Stop
        $stat = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $web.statusCode)
        Write-Host "`nURL: $(($URL -split '/')[0]) - $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($URL -split '/')[0]))" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        Write-Host 'Statistic.Status: '$stat -ForegroundColor Green
        Write-Host 'Message.Status: ' $web.StatusCode $web.StatusDescription -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    
    Catch {
        $statusCode = ($_.Exception.Message.Substring(($_.Exception.Message.IndexOf('(') + 1), 3))
        $stat = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $statusCode)
        Write-Host "`nURL: $(($URL -split '/')[0]) - $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($URL -split '/')[0]))" -ForegroundColor Red
        Write-Warning -Message "Error in resolving $URL"
        Write-Warning 'Message.Status: '$_.Exception.Message -Verbose
    }
    Finally { Remove-Variable serverName, statusCodesAllowed, stat, web, statusCode -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue }
}

预期结果如下所示。 将工作的 URL 放在顶部，URL 在底部包含错误结果。

URL: bing.com - 13.107.21.200 204.79.197.200
Statistic.Status:  1
Message.Status:  200 OK


URL: bong.com - 195.42.193.61
WARNING: Error in resolving bong.com
   'The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel.'.


URL: hotel.com - 204.74.99.101
WARNING: Error in resolving hotel.com
   'Unable to connect to the remote server'.
 
URL: hotels.com - 104.98.28.184
WARNING: Error in resolving hotels.com
   'The underlying connection was closed: An unexpected error occurred on a receive.'.

我不需要源代码上的错误详细信息。

Answer 1

像这样？

Clear-Host
$serverName = 'bong.com', 'bing.com', 'hotel.com', 'hotels.com'
$statusCodesAllowed = (200, 302, 401) #Update this array to include the HTTP status codes that you want to mark as OK.$stat = 0

$URLarray = $serverName | ForEach-Object {
    Write-Host "Processing:" $_
    Try {
        $web = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://$_ -Method Head -UseDefaultCredentials -UseBasicParsing -ErrorAction Stop
        $stat = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $web.statusCode)
        $IPs = $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($_ -split '/')[0]))
        $StatusCode = $web.StatusCode
        $StatusDesc = $web.StatusDescription
    }
    Catch {
        $statusCode = ($_.Exception.Message.Substring(($_.Exception.Message.IndexOf('(') + 1), 3))
        $stat = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $statusCode)
        $IPs = $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($URL -split '/')[0]))
        $StatusCode = "Error"
        $StatusDesc = $_.Exception.Message
    }
    [pscustomobject]@{URL=$_;IPs=$IPs;Status=$StatusCode;StatusDetail=$StatusDesc}
}

$URLarray

所有结果都在 $URLarray 中 - 您可以根据需要输出/格式化，例如

$URLarray | Sort-Object Status | ForEach-Object {
    Write-Host "`nURL:"$_.URL" - " $_.IPs -ForegroundColor Yellow
    If ($_.Status -ne "Error") {
        Write-Host $_.Status -ForegroundColor Green
        Write-Host $_.StatusDetail -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    Else {
        Write-Host "Error:"  $_.StatusDetail -ForegroundColor Red
    }
}

Answer 2

Mia culpa 迟到的回应，但是，你知道的，东西。

要获得您在帖子中显示的布局/着色，即使没有 PSCustomerObject（如@Scepticalist 所示，它更优雅且特别适用于发送到文件/csv 报告/Excel 等），您可以这样做。

Clear-Host
$serverName = 'bong.com', 'bing.com', 'hotel.com', 'hotels.com' 
Foreach ($URL in $serverName) 
{
    $statusCodesAllowed = (200, 302, 401)
    Try 
    {
        $web            = Invoke-WebRequest -Uri https://$url -Method Head -UseDefaultCredentials -UseBasicParsing -ErrorAction Stop
        $stat           = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $web.statusCode)
        $HostName       = Write-Host "`nURL: $(($URL -split '/')[0]) - $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($URL -split '/')[0]))" -ForegroundColor Yellow
        $HostStatistics = Write-Host 'Statistic.Status: '$stat -ForegroundColor Green
        $HostStatus     = Write-Host 'Message.Status: ' $web.StatusCode $web.StatusDescription -ForegroundColor Green
    }
    
    Catch 
    {
        $statusCode   = ($_.Exception.Message.Substring(($PSItem.Exception.Message.IndexOf('(') + 1), 3))
        $stat         = [int]($statusCodesAllowed -contains $statusCode)
        $HostName     = Write-Host "`nURL: $(($URL -split '/')[0]) - $([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses(($URL -split '/')[0]))" -ForegroundColor Red
        $ErrorMessage = Write-Warning -Message "Error in resolving $URL `n`tMessage.Status: $($PSItem.Exception.Message)" -Verbose
    }
    Finally 
    { 
           Remove-Variable serverName, statusCodesAllowed, stat, web, statusCode, 
           Hostname, HostStatistics, HostStatus, 
           ErrorMessage -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue 
    }
}

# Results
<#
URL: bong.com - 195.42.193.61
WARNING: Error in resolving bong.com 
    Message.Status: The underlying connection was closed: Could not establish trust relationship for the SSL/TLS secure channel.

URL: bing.com - 2620:1ec:c11::200 204.79.197.200 13.107.21.200
Statistic.Status:  1
Message.Status:  200 OK

URL: hotel.com - 204.74.99.101
WARNING: Error in resolving hotel.com 
    Message.Status: Unable to connect to the remote server

URL: hotels.com - 23.62.70.63
WARNING: Error in resolving hotels.com 
    Message.Status: The underlying connection was closed: An unexpected error occurred on a receive.
#>